Caprini量表联合充气加压泵在慢阻肺患者静脉血栓预防中的应用

Application of Caprini Scale Combined with Intermittent Pneumatic Compression in the Prevention of Venous Thrombus Embolism in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的研究Caprini血栓风险评估量表(简称Caprini量表)联合间歇充气加压装置(IPC)在慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)患者静脉血栓栓塞症(VTE)预防中的应用效果。方法选取2019年12月至2020年12月四川大学华西医院因AECOPD住院治疗且Caprini量表评分≥5分的患者共120例为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组,每组60例。对照组给予常规护理措施及药物指导,试验组在给予常规护理措施和药物指导的基础上联合IPC进行物理预防。观察两组发生深静脉血栓(DVT)情况、肢体肿胀及疼痛情况和凝血指标。结果与对照组比较,试验组发生DVT比例更低,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组肢体肿胀、疼痛发生率均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),D-二聚体水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论通过Caprini量表筛选DVT高风险患者,在进行常规护理措施和药物干预基础上联合应用IPC,能有效降低AECOPD患者DVT的发生风险。

Objective To study the application efficacy of Caprini thrombus risk assessment scale(hereinafter referred to as Caprini scale)combined with intermittent pneumatic compression(IPC)in the prevention of venous thrombus embolism(VTE)in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(AECOPD).Methods A total of 120 hospitalized AECOPD patients with Caprini score≥5 in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into experimental group(n=60)and control group(n=60)by random number table method.Patients in the control group received routine nursing and drug guidance,while patients in the experimental group were given IPC for physical prevention on the basis of routine nursing and drug guidance.The number of cases of deep venous thrombosis(DVT),limb swelling and limb pain,and the change of coagulation indexes in the 2 groups were observed.Results There were fewer DVT cases in the experimental group than that in the control group although the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).The incidence of limb swelling and limb pain in the experimental group were lower than those in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The level of D-dimer in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Screening patients at high risk of DVT by Caprini scale and combined application of IPC on the basis of routine nursing and drug intervention can effectively reduce the risk of DVT in AECOPD patients.