配偶参与孕妇产前保健的现状及其对孕妇保健服务的影响

Study on Current Situation of Male Involvement in Antenatal Care and Its Impact on Maternal Health Care Services

目的调查配偶参与孕妇产前保健(ANC)的现状及其对孕妇保健服务的影响。方法选取2019年9月至2020年5月在西南医科大学附属中医医院就诊的孕妇及其配偶各412名为研究对象,采用横断面调查方法,应用问卷调查配偶参与孕妇ANC状况;将配偶参与ANC活动对孕妇利用ANC服务的影响进行Logisitic回归分析;同时分析配偶参与孕妇ANC的影响因素(婚姻满意度、自尊、家庭结构等)。结果412名孕妇产检次数(4.69±0.43)次,产检完全符合规范者占45.39%。孕妇受教育年限高、配偶主动询问孕妇ANC检查及陪同访问ANC机构是孕妇不规范完成产前检查的保护因素(P<0.05),农村户籍是孕妇不规范完成产前检查的危险因素(P<0.05)。低度参与组配偶的农村户籍率、ANC机构距离、婚前单亲家庭生活率均高于高度参与组配偶;低度参与组配偶的独生子率、婚前体检率、自尊水平、婚姻满意度均低于高度参与组配偶(P<0.05)。农村户籍、自尊水平低、婚前生活于单亲家庭是配偶参与孕妇ANC低的危险因素,婚前体检、独生子、婚姻满意度高是配偶参与孕妇ANC低的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论配偶参与孕妇ANC比例较低,提高婚姻质量和自尊水平可促进配偶参与孕妇ANC。

Objective To investigate the status of male involvement in antenatal care(ANC)examinations of pregnant women,and to analyze its impact on maternal health care services.Methods A total of 412 pregnant women and their spouses in the Affiliated Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Southwest Medical University from September 2019 to May 2020 were selected as the research objects.A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate male involvement in ANC examinations by questionnaires.Logisitic regression analysis was performed on the effect of male involvement in ANC examinations on pregnant women’s use of ANC services.Influencing factors of male involvement in ANC examinations(marital satisfaction,self-esteem,family structure,etc.)were also analyzed.Results The average number of ANC examinations in 412 pregnant women was(4.69±0.43)times,with only 45.39%of pregnant women had ANC examinations in full compliance with the norms.Longer education years of pregnant women,spouse’s active inquiry about ANC examinations and accompanying visits to ANC institutions were protective factors for pregnant women to complete ANC examinations irregularly(P<0.05).Rural household registration was a risk factor for pregnant women to complete ANC examinations irregularly(P<0.05).Rate of rural household registration,distance of ANC institution and rate of premarital single parent family of the spouses in the low involvement group were higher than those in the high involvement group(P<0.05).Rate of only son,rate of premarital physical examination,level of self-esteem and marital satisfaction of the spouses in the low involvement group were lower than those in the high involvement group(P<0.05).Rural household registration,low level of self-esteem and premarital single parent family were risk factors for low male involvement in ANC examinations,while premarital physical examination,only son of premarital family,and high marital satisfaction were protective factors for low male involvement in ANC examinations(P<0.05).Conclusion The proportion of male involvement in ANC examinations is quite low.Improving marriage quality and self-esteem can promote male involvement in ANC examinations.