医学科技伦理治理监管策略和实施重点

Supervision Strategy and Implementation Key Points of Scientific and Technological Ethical Governance in Health and Medical Field

科技伦理治理属于实践伦理学范畴,其在不断解决科技活动产生的伦理问题和伦理冲突中发展。伦理治理具有共性要求和专业性标准,与健康相关的医学科技活动,包括生命科学和人工智能在医学领域的应用使医学科技伦理治理面临共性和独有的挑战。科技监管和伦理治理应考虑生命科学和医学研究的专业特殊性,并充分发挥现有伦理审查体系的作用。因新一代测序、基因编辑和人工智能等技术的应用使伦理治理的关注、侧重和标准有所改变,应采取措施加强医学科技伦理治理,进一步推动伦理先行。讨论了分类分级的监管审查策略和潜在的高效的区域伦理委员会的组织架构及审查机制,进而建议加强医学科技伦理治理的医学教育和继续教育。

The ethical governance of science and technology is a kind of practical ethics,which develops in the process of continuously solving the ethical problems and ethical conflicts arising from scientific and technological activities.Ethical governance has common requirements and professional standards.Health-related science and technology activities,including the application of life science and artificial intelligence in health and medical field,make the medical ethical governance face common and unique challenges.The supervision and ethical review should consider the speciality of life science and medical research,and bring the existing ethical review system into full play.However,the focus,emphasis and standards of ethical governance have changed with the application of some technologies(ex.the next-generation sequencing,gene editing,and artificial intelligence).Actions should be taken to strengthen the ethical governance and promote ethics in advance with science and technological implementation in health and medical field.Here in this article,the classified,hierarchical supervision and ethical review strategies are discussed;then some potential effective organization and mechanisms for regional ethics committees are introduced.Promoting the medical education and continuing education of ethical governance of science and technology is also recommended.