民族的与世界的、文学的与音乐的“文化共同体”——评余晁版歌曲《乡愁》

The "Cultural Community" National and Global,Literary and Musical:A Comment on Yu and Chao’s Version of the Song Nostalgia

余光中的《乡愁》一诗自传诵以来,为其谱曲者众多。晁岱健谱曲的歌曲《乡愁》,是唯一得到余光中本人高度认可的版本。余晁版歌曲《乡愁》实现了经典的再经典化。《乡愁》主题既是“民族的”又是“世界的”,寄托全球华人的寻根情愫,也共情世界游子的故乡思念。歌曲《乡愁》在艺术形式上词曲相彰,在诗情乐意上交互感通,在创作与传播层面实现了“跨界”与“跨介”。歌曲《乡愁》具有建构人类文化共同体的精神内涵与崇高价值。歌曲《乡愁》在传播效应上,实现了对内文化凝聚力与对外文化影响力的双向统一。这对于中国文化传播更好地走社会效益与经济效益的“双效合一”之路带来三点启迪:一是选题寻求“最大公约数”,消解“文化折扣”“文化误读”;二是对话诠释“同一种文化”,“走出去”并且“走进去”;三是多元演绎“同一个故事”,传世经典造就经典IP。当前,该歌曲亟待进一步传播,可采用跨媒介多元化和跨圈层立体化传播路径。

Since the poem Nostalgia by Yu Guangzhong has been recited,there are many composers for it.The song Nostalgia composed by Chao Daijian is the only version that is highly recognized by Yu Guangzhong himself.Yu Chao’s version of the song Nostalgia has achieved a classic re-canonization.The theme of Nostalgia is both"national"and"world",pinning on the roots of Chinese people around the world,and empathizing with the homesickness of the world’s wanderers.The song Nostalgia complements the lyrics and music in the art form,interacts with each other in terms of poetry and pleasure,and realizes"cross-border"and"cross-media"in terms of creation and dissemination.The song Nostalgia has the spiritual connotation and lofty value of constructing the human cultural community.The song Nostalgia realizes the two-way unity of internal cultural cohesion and external cultural influence in terms of communication effect.This brings three inspirations for Chinese cultural dissemination to better take the road of"double-effect integration"of social and economic benefits:First,select topics to seek the"greatest common divisor"and eliminate"cultural discounts"and"cultural misunderstandings";Second,the dialogue interprets"the same culture","going out"and"going in";third,multiple interpretations of"the same story",handed down classics create classic IP.At present,the song needs to be further disseminated,and cross-media diversification and cross-circle stereoscopic dissemination paths can be adopted.