基于虚拟编组的列车控制系统研究

Research on the Train Control System Based on Virtual Coupling

研究目的:铁路闭塞技术从固定闭塞、准移动闭塞发展到移动闭塞,列车追踪间隔越来越小,提高了铁路运输效率,但是既有的闭塞技术均基于假设前方列车静止的理念而进行行车控制。即使采用行车效率最高的移动闭塞技术,后车与前车的追踪间隔也至少包含一个紧急制动距离和保护距离,而现有高铁列车运行速度早已突破300 km/h,高速运行时的紧急制动距离很长,导致后车与前车的追踪距离很长。要想进一步缩短列车追踪距离,提高运输效率,就要突破既有闭塞技术的假设前方列车静止的固有理念,研究和设计未来列控系统的控车原理和关键技术。本文在研究既有闭塞技术的基础上,提出基于虚拟编组的列车控制系统的关键技术和控车策略。研究结论:(1)基于虚拟编组的列车控制系统中,前车和后车建立车车通信,后车根据前车的实时速度、位置等状态信息计算动态安全追踪距离,大大缩短前后车追踪距离,提高运输效率;(2)基于虚拟编组的列车控制系统需要具备车车通信、列车完整性检查、列车精确定位、动态安全追踪距离计算、自动追踪运行等关键技术,以实现安全且高效的列车追踪运行;(3)提出前后车的追踪策略,基于前后车的实时状态,后车自动加速、减速或匀速运行,实时调整前后车的追踪状态,实现虚拟编组;(4)本研究成果可为未来列车控制系统的控车原理和关键技术研究提供参考。

Research purposes:The railway block technology has developed from the fixed block,the quasi-moving block to the moving block,and the train tracking interval is getting smaller and smaller,which improves the railway transportation efficiency.However,the existing blocking technologies are based on the idea that the train ahead is stationary.Even if the moving block technology with the highest driving efficiency is adopted,the tracking interval between the behind train and the front train at least includes an emergency braking distance and a protection distance.However,the running speed of the existing high-speed train has already exceeded 300 km/h,and the emergency braking distance at high speed is very long,resulting in a long tracking distance between the behind train and the front train.In order to further shorten the train tracking distance and improve the transportation efficiency,it is necessary to break through the inherent concept of the existing blocking technology,and study and design the train control principle and key technologies of the train control system.On the basis of studying the existing blocking technology,this paper puts forward the key technologies and train control strategy of the train control system based on virtual coupling.Research conclusions:(1) In the train control system based on virtual grouping,the front train and the behind train establish train-to-train communication,and the behind train calculates the dynamic safety tracking distance according to the real-time speed,position and other state information of the front train,thus greatly shortening the tracking distance of the front and behind trains and improving the transportation efficiency.(2) The train control system based on virtual coupling needs to have key technologies such as train-to-train communication,train integrity check,accurate train positioning,dynamic safe tracking distance calculation,automatic tracking operation,in order to realize safe and efficient train tracking operation.(3) The tracking strategy of the front and behind trains is put forward.Based on the real-time state of the front and behind trains,the behind trains automatically accelerate,decelerate or run at a constant speed,and the tracking state of the front and behind trains is adjusted in real time to realize virtual grouping.(4) The research results can provide reference for the research on the principle and key technology of train control system in the future.