数字金融与地区银行业竞争的关系——基于中国地级以上城市数据

Relationship between digital finance and regional banking competition-Based on data from cities at prefecture level and above in China

为了研究数字金融的发展对中国各地区商业银行竞争格局产生的影响,首先采用北京大学数字普惠金融指数及中国银行保险监督管理委员会官网所公布的商业银行分支机构信息,构建地区银行业竞争指标,然后排除多重共线性的影响并根据Hausman检验选择固定效应模型进行实证分析,最后通过替换指标、改变样本区间、剔除直辖市等方式,证明基准回归结果的稳健性。研究结果显示,数字金融回归系数在1%水平上为-0.016,说明其对地区银行业竞争具有促进作用;进一步研究发现数字金融3个子维度回归系数在1%水平上分别为-0.017、-0.013、-0.009,说明它们同样加剧了地区银行业竞争,并且经过替换指标、改变样本区间、剔除直辖市等方式的稳健性检验,结果依然显著。研究结果表明各地区数字金融的发展有利于商业银行竞争力的提高,带动各地区金融业的发展。因此,本文可为中国各地区商业银行转型升级及数字化发展提供一定的参考。

In order to study the impact of the digital finance development on the competition pattern of commercial banks in various regions of China,regional banking competition indicators were first constructed by resorting to the digital financial inclusion index of Peking University and the information of commercial bank branches published on the official website of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.Then,the influence of multicollinearity was excluded,and a fixed-effect model was selected according to Hausman test for empirical analysis.Finally,the robustness of the benchmark regression results was proved by substituting indicators,changing sample interval,and excluding municipalities.The research results show that the regression coefficient of digital finance is-0.016 at the 1%level,indicating that it has a promoting effect on regional banking competition;further research reveals that the regression coefficients of the three sub-dimensions of digital finance are-0.017,-0.013 and-0.009,respectively at the 1%level,indicating that they also intensify the competition among regional banks,and even after the robustness test of substituting indicators,changing sample interval,and excluding municipalities,the results still remain significant.The research results show that the development of digital finance in various regions is conducive to sharpening the competitive edge of commercial banks and drives the development of the financial industry in various regions.It can provide a certain reference for the transformation,upgrading and digital development of commercial banks in various regions of China.