中国与小岛屿国家在构建国际海洋法律秩序中的合作潜力

On the Potential of Cooperation between China and Small Island Developing States in the Construction of International Maritime Legal Order

由于现有国际海洋法律秩序主要由传统海洋强国所构建,以中国为代表的新兴发展中国家在海洋权益维护等方面适用国际法时难免处于被动地位。要改变这一现状,仅靠中国一国的努力是不够的。小岛屿国家作为发展中国家中与海洋密切相关的国家群体,与中国就构建国际海洋法律秩序具有合作基础和合作潜力。中国与小岛屿国家都是发展中国家海洋权益的坚定维护者和国际涉海法律组织的重要参与者。长期以来,中国也为小岛屿国家的可持续发展事业做出了重要贡献。从合作领域来看,除经济合作外,中国与小岛屿国家可以在全球渔业治理、海底矿产资源开发、应对海平面上升等领域加强国际法合作。为此,中国应做好涉海法律人才队伍建设,搭建海洋事务国际法交流平台,并继续深化同小岛屿国家在各领域的合作,为双方合作构建国际海洋法律新秩序创造条件。

As the existing international maritime legal order is mainly constructed by the traditional maritime powers,the emerging developing countries represented by China are inevitably in a passive position when applying international law to the protection of maritime rights and interests.To change this situation,it will take more than China’s efforts alone.As a group of developing countries closely related to the ocean,small island developing States(SIDS)have the basis and potential to cooperate with China in building an international legal order for the ocean.Both China and SIDS are defenders of the maritime rights and interests of developing countries and important participants in the international maritime law organization.Over the years,China has also made important contributions to the sustainable development of SIDS.In terms of cooperation areas,in addition to economic cooperation,China and SIDS can strengthen cooperation under international law in global fishery management,exploitation of seabed mineral resources and response to sea level rise.To this end,China should strengthen the training of marine-related legal personnel,build a platform for international exchanges on maritime affairs,and continue to deepen cooperation with SIDS in various fields,so as to create conditions for the two sides to jointly build a new international maritime legal order.