冷冻消融在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用进展

The Progress of Cryoablation in Tumor Immunotherapy

冷冻消融(cryoablation)是一种肿瘤微创手术,对局部肿瘤治疗具有创伤小、治疗精准等优势,已被广泛运用在肝癌、肾癌、前列腺癌、肺癌、乳腺癌等实体肿瘤的治疗当中。不同于传统的放射治疗(radiation therapy)、微波射频(microwave radiofrequency)等物理治疗,冷冻消融诱发肿瘤释放的肿瘤抗原更接近天然状态,能有效激活T细胞对肿瘤抗原的识别,为产生抗肿瘤免疫的联合治疗提供了基础。因此,寻找合适的冷冻消融联合治疗药物,全面增强机体的免疫反应是肿瘤免疫治疗领域的新方向。该文探讨了冷冻消融治疗肿瘤的分子机制以及其所产生的有效抗肿瘤免疫反应,并综述了近年来冷冻消融结合不同免疫疗法的治疗效果,以期为肿瘤治疗提供新的治疗策略。

Cryoablation is a minimally invasive surgery for tumors.It has the advantages of small trauma and precise treatment for local tumor treatment.It has been widely used in the treatment of solid tumors such as liver,kidney,prostate,lung and breast cancer.Different from traditional radiation therapy,microwave radiofrequency and other physical therapies,cryoablation induces tumor antigens released by tumors to be closer to the natural state,which can effectively activate T cells to recognize tumor antigens for the production of anti-tumor immunity.The combination therapy provides the basis.Therefore,it is a new direction in the field of tumor immunotherapy to find suitable cryoablation combined therapy drugs to comprehensively enhance the body’s immune response.This review discusses the molecular mechanism of cryoablation in the treatment of tumors and the effective anti-tumor immune response it induces.In addition,it reviews the therapeutic effects of cryoablation combining with different immunotherapies in recent years,hoping to provide new treatment strategies for tumor treatment.