甲烷裂解制氢工艺研究进展及技术经济性对比分析

Research progress and comparative techno-economic analysis of methane pyrolysis technology for hydrogen production

为应对气候变化,减少CO_(2)排放,开发低碳能源技术是十分必要的。氢能因其清洁低碳被视为最有前景的清洁能源之一,但传统制氢工艺(煤制氢、甲烷蒸汽重整制氢)不可避免会造成CO_(2)大量排放。在向零碳氢过渡阶段,甲烷裂解技术被视为潜在的低碳氢生产方法,在制氢的同时还能产出具有附加价值的碳产品,且整个裂解过程不直接排放CO_(2),因而受到广泛关注。重点介绍了几种不同甲烷裂解制氢工艺,即高温热裂解制氢、催化裂解制氢、等离子体制氢、熔融金属裂解制氢等,详细阐述了上述制氢工艺的研究进程,并从经济效益方面类比了技术经济可行性。此外,还提出了未来技术发展和攻关方向的建议。

To cope with climate change and reduce CO_(2) emissions,it is necessary to develop low-carbon energy technologies.Hydrogen energy is regarded as one of the best prospects for clean energy,but traditional hydrogen production processes(such as coal gasification,methane steam reforming)inevitably cause a large amount of CO_(2) emissions.In the transition stage to zero-carbon hydrogen,methane pyrolysis technology is regarded as a potential low-carbon hydrogen production technology.It can produce hydrogen along with valuable carbon material,and the entire pyrolysis process does not directly release CO_(2),which has been widely concerned.The research processes of several different methane pyrolysis technologies for hydrogen production such as thermal pyrolysis,catalytic pyrolysis,plasma pyrolysis,and molten metal pyrolysis are summarized.And the techno-economic feasibility in terms of economic benefits is compared.In addition,suggestions are given for future technology development and research.