南京市老年人缺失牙状况及其生活方式影响因素

Research on the tooth loss status and its lifestyle influencing factors in the elderly in Nanjing

目的:分析南京市60岁及以上老年人缺失牙状况及生活方式的影响因素,为减少老年人牙缺失、促进老年人口腔健康提供依据。方法:2019年9~11月采用多阶段整群随机抽样方法,在南京市抽取24个居委会全部老年人为调查对象,对其口腔缺失牙状况进行描述,并利用二元Logistic回归分析方法分析缺失牙患病与生活方式的相关关系。结果:南京市老年人口腔缺失牙患病率为70.74%。80岁以上(OR=1.893,95%CI:1.220~2.936)、女性(OR=1.210,95%CI:1.023~1.433)、农村(OR=1.373,95%CI:1.100~1.713)、无牙科就诊经历(OR=1.711,95%CI:1.412~2.073)、蔬菜进食频率<2次/天(OR=1.206,95%CI:1.007~1.444)、甜食进食频率≥7次/周(OR=2.100,95%CI:1.378~3.201)、看电视时间≥2小时/天(OR=1.309,95%CI:1.024~1.672)均是南京市60岁以上老年人缺失牙患病的危险因素。结论:南京市老年人口腔缺失牙患病率较高,生活方式对其有重要影响。

Objective:To analyze the status of tooth loss and the influencing factors of lifestyle among the elderly aged 60and above in Nanjing,and to provide evidence for reducing tooth loss and promoting oral health of the elderly.Methods:From September to November 2019,a multi-stage cluster random sampling method was adopted to select all the elderly from24 neighborhood committees in Nanjing as the survey objects.The status of tooth loss was described,and the relationship between tooth loss and lifestyle was analyzed by binary Logistic regression analysis.Results:The prevalence rate of missing teeth was 70.74%in the elderly in Nanjing.The results revealed following risk factors for missing teeth in the elderly over60 years in Nanjing:over 80 years of age(OR=1.893,95%CI:1.220~2.936),female(OR=1.210,95%CI:1.023~1.433),rural(OR=1.373,95%CI:1.100~1.713),never visiting a dentist(OR=1.711,95%CI:1.412~2.073),consuming vegetables less than 2 times per day(OR=1.206,95%CI:1.007~1.444),consuming desserts 7 times or more per week(OR=2.100,95%CI:1.378~3.201),with a television screen time of 2 hours or more per day(OR=1.309,95%CI:1.024~1.672).Conclusions:The prevalence of missing teeth was relatively high in the elderly in Nanjing,and life style has an important effect on it.