二极管激光在牙本质敏感症治疗中的应用

Application of diode laser in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity

牙本质敏感症是一种常见、多发的临床症状,具有较高的发生率。研究表明,在18岁~35岁间约有42%的人具有牙本质敏感的症状,50岁以上具有牙本质敏感症状的人为70.8%。目前,治疗牙本质敏感症的主要方法以流体动力理论为基础,采用各种手段来封闭或阻塞暴露的牙本质小管,或封闭牙本质表面以隔绝各种外部刺激,避免小管内液体的异常流动而产生压力变化导致牙髓神经的刺激。然而临床中真正理想的脱敏剂是不存在的,没有一种有效的方法可以达到快速安全、永久性牙本质脱敏的目的。二极管激光是口腔临床常用激光,具有机体小、轻便,造价低廉、治疗波长可调控等优点,已应用于口腔临床多种疾病的治疗。目前,二极管激光已成为治疗牙本质敏感症的一项新技术,并取得了良好的效果,同时经二极管激光照射后牙本质小管管壁粗糙不平,且厚薄不一,容易使药物附着在表面,加速渗透,较单独的使用二极管激光具有更好的封闭效果。本文就国内外有关二极管激光在牙本质敏感症中的治疗及应用的研究进展作一综述。

Dentin hypersensitivity is a common and multiple clinical symptom with a high incidence.Studies have shown that about 42%of people between the ages of 18 and 35 have symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity,and 70.8%of people over the age of 50 have symptoms of dentin hypersensitivity.At present,the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity is mainly based on fluid dynamics theory.The exposed dentin tubules are sealed or blocked by various means.In order to avoid the pressure changes caused by abnormal flow of fluid in the tubules and the stimulation of the pulp nerves,the surfaces of the dentin are to sealed.However,there is still no real ideal desensitizing agent in clinical practice.Also,There is still no effective method to achieve the purpose of fast,safe and permanent dentin desensitization.Diode laser is a commonly used laser in oral clinic.It had the advantages of small body,light weight,low cost,and adjustable treatment wavelength.It has been used in the treatment of various diseases in oral clinic.At present,diode laser had become new technology in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity,and had achieved well results.At the same time,after the diode laser irradiation,the dentinal tubule wall is rough and uneven,and the thickness is different,which is easy to make the drug adhere to the surface,accelerate the penetration,and has a better sealing effect than the diode laser alone.This paper reviews the research progress on the treatment and application of diode laser in dentin hypersensitivity at domestic and abroad.