早期经筋理论特点刍议

Brief discussion on the characteristics of meridian sinew theory at the early era

梳理早期经筋理论特点,认为《灵枢》中十二经筋循行及主病与帛书《足臂十一脉灸经》《阴阳十一脉灸经》渊源较深,而后附于十二经脉,导致其理论发展受阻。经筋理论指导多种针灸优势病种(痛证、痹证等)的诊治,筋膜之间通行卫气是经筋理论的核心,“在筋守筋,以痛为输”“维筋相交”“依脉引经气”为早期经筋理论的选穴依据,使用刺微法(分刺法)能调动卫气抗邪、解除经筋病灶压迫,使经脉气血畅通。对经筋理论特点的合理认识,能提高经筋病症诊疗准确性,还可以为经脉理论“减压”,有利于针灸理论体系框架的丰富。

The characteristics of meridian sinew theory at the early era have been collected. It is believed that the running courses and indications of twelve meridian sinew regions in Lingshu(Miraculous Pivot) are closely associated with Zubi Shiyimai Jiujing(Moxibustion Therapy on the Eleven Meridians of Legs and Arms) and Yinyang Shiyimai Jiujing(Moxibustion Therapy on the Eleven Meridians of Yin and Yang). Due to the attachment of twelve regular meridians, the development of its own theory is blocked. Meridian sinew theory guides the diagnosis and treatment of many dominant disorders(e.g. pain disorder and bi syndrome) with acupuncture and moxibustion. The defensive qi is circulated among meridian sinews, which is the core of meridian sinew theory. The acupoint selection relies on the meridian sinew theory at the early era, such as "consolidating muscles when they involved in disorders, using painful sites as acupoints to treat diseases" "interaction of the associated muscles" and "conducting meridian qi along with the running courses of meridians". The crack needling(one of the nine needling techniques exerted between two muscles to treat muscular pain) is adopted generally to mobilize the defensive qi so as to resist pathogens, relieve the compression in foci and promote qi and blood circulation in meridians. The rational understanding of meridian sinew theory may improve the accuracy of diagnosis and treatment of meridian sinew disorders, "reduce the pressure" on meridian theory and contribute to the enrichment of the theoretical framework of acupuncture and moxibustion.