美国自然资源损害评估方法镜鉴

A Reflection of U.S.Natural Resource Damage Assessment Methods

准确评估生态环境损害是开展生态环境损害磋商和赔偿的基础性工作,也是落实生态环境损害赔偿制度的前提。文章对美国自然资源损害评估相关的法律法规和技术导则进行了梳理,重点分析了美国自然资源损害评估程序、评估规则及损害量化方法。当前我国生态环境损害评估理论和实践正处于起步阶段,结合我国当前严峻的环境形势和社会经济发展阶段特征,借鉴美国先进经验,提出明确我国生态环境损害评估范围、规范生态环境损害评估程序以及设置评估受托人选择损害量化方法时的谨慎义务。

Accurate assessment of ecological environmental damage is the basic work for conducting ecological environmental damage consultation and compensation,and it is also a prerequisite for implementing the ecological environmental damage compensation system.This article sorts out the laws,regulations and technical guidelines related to natural resource damage assessment in the United States,focusing on the analysis of the US natural resource damage assessment procedures,assessment rules and damage quantification methods.At present,the theory and practice of ecological environmental damage assessment in China is in its infancy.Combining China’s current severe environmental situation and socio-economic development stage characteristics,and drawing on the advanced experience of the United States,it is proposed to clarify China’s ecological environmental damage assessment scope and standardize ecological environmental damage assessment procedures and settings.Assess the trustee’s duty of care when choosing damage quantification methods.