《今文选》编选与明代中后期文坛的趣尚交锋

The compilation of Selected Readings of Contemporary Writings and the conflict of the literary interest in the middle and late Ming Dynasty

孙鑛、余寅与唐鹤徵在明万历年间所编的《今文选》,是孙鑛第二次主持编选明代诗文的产物。孙鑛推崇“前七子”领袖李梦阳,选稿整体遵循其文学价值观,进而表现出选文而不及赋与诗、“止从弘正间始”及重“修辞”轻“理道”等特点。作为续选者与刊刻者的唐鹤徵,其趣尚虽倾向于唐宋派,但却主张辞与理不可分裂,故在续选时增入部分凸显“理道”的文章。由于诸位编者分别与活跃于明代中后期的复古派、唐宋派关系密切,《今文选》遂成为呈现两大流派趣尚交锋的极佳样本。据此则知,清代四库馆臣所谓《今文选》“以李梦阳为宗”的论断,存在偏颇之处。

Selected Readings of Contemporary Writings compiled by Sun Kuang,Yu Yin and Tang Hezheng during the Wanli period in the Ming Dynasty,is the product of the second time that Sun Kuang presided over the compilation and selection of the poetry and essays of the Ming Dynasty.Sun Kuang praised Li Mengyang,the leader of the Qianqizi,hence following Li’s literary values in choosing writings,and further manifesting such characteristics as selecting compositions that ignore Cifu and poetry,"Only from Hongzhi and Zhengde",and stressing"rhetoric"while despising"Tao".Tang Hezheng,as successor and host engraver,whose interest was inclined to the Tang-Song School though,advocated the inseparability of"rhetoric"and"Tao",hence adding the section of articles highlighting"Tao".As the editors were closely related to the Fugu School and Tang-Song School that were active in the middle and late Ming dynasty,Selected Readings of Contemporary Writings became an excellent example of the conflict in literary interest between the two schools.According to this,there exists bias in the judgment from the officials of Siku in the Qing Dynasty that Selected Readings of Contemporary Writings takes Li Mengyang as the standard.