监察程序中认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件论——以《监察法》第三十一条为中心

On the Applicable Conditions of the Leniency System in the Supervision Procedure—Focus on Article 31 of the Supervision Law

《监察法》第三十一条规定了监察程序中认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件,兼顾实体标准和程序要素,具有强化监察权运作和保障被调查人权利等价值意蕴。但是,监察程序中认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件与《刑事诉讼法》规定的认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件不尽相同。监察程序中认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件在实践中已经暴露出启动标准严苛、适用范围有限、权利保障不足等问题。为实现监察调查程序与刑事诉讼程序之间的有效衔接,需要对监察程序中认罪认罚从宽制度的适用条件进行修改完善,主要包括:一是通过协商性办案机制增强被调查人的“自愿性”;二是扩展涉嫌职务犯罪的被调查人认罪认罚从宽的适用范围;三是增设认罪认罚承诺书以强化对被调查人的权利保障。

Article 31 of the Supervision Law stipulates the applicable conditions of the system of plea guilty and punished leniency in the supervision procedure,taking into account the physical standards and procedural elements.It has the value of strengthening the operation of supervisory power and protecting the rights of the person under investigation.However,the application conditions of the system of plea guilty and punishing leniency in the supervision procedure are different from those of the system of plea guilty plea and punishing leniency as stipulated in the Criminal Procedure Law.The application conditions of the leniency system for confessing guilt and punishing in the supervision procedure have exposed problems in practice such as stringent starting standards,limited scope of application and insufficient protection of rights.To strengthen the effective connection between the supervisory investigation procedure and the criminal procedure,it is necessary to reform the applicable conditions of the system of plea guilty and punished leniency in the supervision procedure.mainly includes:The first is to enhance the voluntariness of criminal suspects through a negotiated case handling mechanism.The second is to expand the scope of application of the lenient plea for guilty and punishment for persons suspected of duty crime.The third is to increase the confession of guilt and punishment to strengthen the protection of the rights of the person under investigation.