闽西南黑兔与商品伊拉肉兔屠宰性能和肌肉品质的比较分析

Comparative Analysis on Slaughter Performance and Muscle Quality of Minxinan Black Rabbit and Commercial Iraq Rabbit

试验旨在研究地方品种资源闽西南黑兔的屠宰性能、肌肉品质等遗传性状,为高档功能性兔肉的研发提供理论参考。试验选取体重相近健康状况良好的闽西南黑兔和商品伊拉肉兔各8只(公母各半)分别进行屠宰,测定其屠宰性能和肌肉品质。结果表明,在宰前活体重无显著差异的情况下(P>0.05),闽西南黑兔的半净膛屠宰率和腹脂重显著高于商品伊拉肉兔(P<0.05),心脏重量显著低于商品伊拉肉兔(P<0.05),二者的全净膛胴屠宰率、头重、肝脏重和肾脏重无显著差异(P>0.05)。闽西南黑兔背腰最长肌红度(a^(*))、黄度值(b^(*))和熟肉率显著高于商品伊拉肉兔(P<0.05),滴水损失和失水率显著低于商品伊拉肉兔(P<0.05),肌肉中干物质和粗脂肪、硒、烟酸和α-生育酚含量显著高于商品伊拉肉兔(P<0.05)。豆蔻烯酸、棕榈油酸、油酸、花生酸、顺-11-二十烯酸、芥酸、总脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸、不饱和脂肪酸含量和不饱和脂肪酸/饱和脂肪酸比值均显著高于商品伊拉肉兔(P<0.05)。闽西南黑兔与商品伊拉肉兔屠宰性能相似,但闽西南黑兔具有较强脂肪沉积能力;与商品伊拉肉兔相比,闽西南黑兔的肌肉具有良好的感官性状和较高的营养价值。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the slaughter performance,muscle quality and other genetic traits of Minxinan black rabbit,and to provide theoretical reference for the research and development of high-grade functional rabbit meat.Eight Minxinan black rabbits and eight commercial Iraqi rabbits(half male and half female)with similar body weight and good health were selected for slaughter,their slaughter performance and muscle quality were determined for comparative analysis.Results showed under the condition that there was no significant difference in pre-slaughter live weight,the half-eviscerated slaughter ratio and abdominal fat weight of the Minxinan black rabbit were significantly higher than that of the commercial Iraq rabbit(P<0.05),and the heart weight was significantly lower than that of the commercial Iraq rabbit(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the all eviscerated slaughter ratio,head weight,liver weight and kidney weight between the two varieties(P>0.05).The redness(a^(*)),yellowness(b^(*))and cooked meat ratio of the longissimus dorsi muscle of Minxinan black rabbit were significantly higher than those of commercial Iraqi rabbit(P<0.05),drip loss ratio and water loss ratio were significantly lower than those of commercial Iraqi rabbits(P<0.05),and the contents of dry matter,ether extract,selenium,nicotinic acid andα-tocopherol in muscle were significantly higher than those of commercial Iraqi rabbits(P<0.05).The fatty acid detection results showed that the contents of myristic acid,palmitoleic acid,oleic acid,arachidic acid,cis-11-eicosaenoic acid,erucic acid,total fatty acid,monounsaturated fatty acid,unsaturated fatty acid and the ratio of unsaturated fatty acid to saturated fatty acid in the muscle of Minxinan black rabbit were significantly higher than those of commercial Iraq rabbit(P<0.05).It is therefore concluded that the slaughter performance of Minxinan black rabbit is similar to that of commercial Ira meat rabbit,but Minxinan black rabbit has strong fat deposition ability.Compared with commercial Ira rabbit,the muscle of Minxinan black rabbit has good sensory properties and higher nutritional value.