组织工程支架制备中超临界CO_(2)技术的应用

Research Progress of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Technology in Tissue Engineering Scaffolds

作为组织工程研究中三大要素之一,组织工程支架可为细胞的附着、迁移和增殖提供理想的环境。传统的组织工程支架制备方法,如粒子沥滤法、相分离法及静电纺丝法等在理论和技术上已较为成熟,但由于大多需要有机溶剂的参与,在制备过程中仍存在有机溶剂难以去除,以及支架孔洞难以控制、连通性较差等问题。超临界二氧化碳(supercritical carbon dioxide,SC-CO_(2))密度近似液体,黏度和扩散系数近似气体,具有流动性强、溶解能力大、传热效率高等特殊的理化性质,与传统工艺相结合,可在绿色温和的反应体系中有效规避上述问题,在组织工程支架制备及药物负载方面具有广阔前景。

As one of the three major elements in tissue engineering research,tissue engineering scaffolds provide an excellent environment for cell attachment,migration and proliferation.Traditional preparation techniques of polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering,such as particle leaching,phase inversion and electrospinning,are relatively mature in theory and technology,but since most of them require the participation of organic solvents,there are still problems in the process,like the residual organic solvents,the control of holes and the poor connectivity.Supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2)) has a density similar to that of a liquid,while its viscosity and diffusion coefficient is closer to that of a gas,respectively,and it possesses a special performance of physical and chemical properties like strong fluidity,large dissolving power,and high heat transfer efficiency.Combining with traditional technology,it can effectively circumvent the problems mentioned above in a green and gentle system,which has broad prospects in the scaffolds preparation of tissue engineering and drug loading.