产学研机构中知识消费者学术问答行为特征与需求研究

Academic Q&A Behavior and Demand of Knowledge Consumers in Industries,Universities and Research Institutions

【目的/意义】探究产学研机构知识消费者在学术社交网络问答服务中的行为和需求特征,以提升用户学术交流效力,为平台优化提供支撑依据。【方法/过程】本文以ResearchGate问答服务中的知识消费者作为研究对象,运用方差分析、层次聚类、社会网络分析等方法比较分析产学研机构的用户行为,并从时间维度揭示行为特征演化和需求变化趋势。【结果/结论】提问特征上,产学研机构知识消费者提问标题长度和添加标签数量及变化趋势有一定相似性。信息需求上,三类机构知识消费者关注内容较分散,高校和科研院所有更多共同话题,但各自个性化需求占比却更高,而企业的个性化需求占比较低。在2010-2019年间,除共同高频话题呈现稳定或微弱下降的趋势外,企业高频话题多为下降趋势,高校和科研院所呈上升趋势的高频话题居多。【创新/局限】从机构视角对比研究知识消费者行为,促进用户问答效用的提升及学术社交网络问答服务的优化;本文局限性在于只选择顶尖产学研机构和ResearchGate进行研究。

【Purpose/significance】The purpose of this paper is to improve the effectiveness of communication among users and provide references for the optimization of the platform by exploring the Q&A behavior and demand characteristics of knowledge consumers in the Q&A service of academic social networking sites(ASNSs).【Method/process】Taking the knowledge consumers in Q&A service of ResearchGate as the research object,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the user behaviors among industries,universities and research institutions through variance analysis,hierarchical clustering and social network analysis.From the perspective of time,it further reveals the evolution of behavioral characteristics and the trend of information demand.【Result/conclusion】As far as the questioning characteristics of knowledge consumers are concerned,there are some similarities in terms of questioning length of title,counts of tags and their trend among industries,universities and research institutions.As for the demand of knowledge consumers,users from industries,universities and research institutions concern scatteredly.Universities and research institutions have more topics in common,but their individualized needs account for a higher proportion.On the contrary,individualized needs of industries account for a relatively low proportion.During the period of 2010-2019,high-frequency topics in common present a steady or weak downward trend.High-frequency topics of industries mostly show a downward trend,while the high-frequency topics of universities and research institutes show an upward trend.【Innovation/limitation】This paper studies and compares behaviors of knowledge consumers from the new institutional perspective,which can help promote the improvement of Q&A utility for users and the optimization of Q&A services for ASNSs;we only select top industries,universities,research institutions and ResearchGate for research,which may have certain limitations.