CRISPR/Cas9技术在药用植物功能基因组研究中的应用和展望

Application and Prospect of CRISPR/Cas9 Technology in Functional Genomics of Medicinal Plants

基因编辑是对基因组实现定点修饰的一项技术,其中CRISPR/Cas9系统以其操作难度低、编辑效率高、编辑范围广、投入成本少等优势成为新一代基因编辑技术,并在植物基因组学的研究中得到了广泛的应用。本文介绍了CRISPR/Cas9系统及其相关技术的工作原理,论述了编辑效率的影响因素、编辑系统的转化方式以及编辑结果的分析方法;从药用植物基因功能鉴定和转录调控两个方向,着重综述了该技术在药用植物功能基因组研究中的应用情况,并对其面临的问题和应用前景进行了总结与展望。

Gene editing is a technology to achieve site-specific modification of genome. CRISPR/Cas9 system has become a new generation of gene editing technology with its advantages of lower operation difficulty, higher editing efficiency, wider editing range and less investment cost, and has been widely used in the research of plant genomics. In this paper, we introduced the mechanism of CRISPR/Cas9 system and its related technologies, and discussed the influencing factors of editing efficiency, the transformation approaches of editing system and the analysis method of editing outputs. In addition. we emphatically reviewed the application of CRISPR/Cas9 technology in the functional genomics of medicinal plants from the view of gene identification and transcriptional regulation. At last, we discussed the technical problems and application prospection this technology will meet in the future.