知识图谱及其关键技术在中医药领域的研究与应用综述

Review on the Research and Application of Knowledge Graph and its Key Technologies in the Field of Traditional Chinese Medicine

中医学历史悠久、卷帙浩繁,但论述较为分散,知识混杂多样。知识图谱具有知识语义化、数据易关联、易扩充的特征,因而逐渐成为中医药知识信息化的重要手段。为有利于更好地运用知识图谱传承发展中医药知识,文章在简述知识图谱在中医药领域的构建与应用情况的基础上,重点从本体技术和分词、实体识别、关系抽取等3种知识抽取技术等方面介绍了知识图谱构建关键技术在该领域中的研究应用概况、规律与特点。文章还从知识图谱存储关系型知识的角度出发归纳了中医药领域对该类知识的应用方向及关键技术。通过对文献的分析与总结,探讨了中医药领域知识图谱构建与应用中的问题并提出未来的发展建议。

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history and numerous volumes of literature, with the discussion is scattered and the knowledge is mixed and diverse. Knowledge graph has the features of semantic knowledge, easy data association and easy expansion, thus it has gradually become an important means for TCM knowledge informatization. In order to make better use of knowledge graph to inherit and develop traditional TCM knowledge, based on a brief description of the construction and application of knowledge graph in the field of TCM, this paper introduces the research and application of the key technologies of knowledge graph construction in this field from the aspects of ontology technology and three knowledge extraction technologies, such as word segmentation, entity recognition and relationship extraction. From the perspective of storing relational knowledge in knowledge graph, this paper also summarizes the direction and key technologies of application of relational knowledge in the field of TCM. Through the analysis and summary of literature, this paper discusses the problems in the construction and application of knowledge graph in the field of TCM, and puts forward some suggestions for future development.