广义安全论视域下国家安全学“再定位”

Reorientation of National Security Studies under the Framework of the General Security Theory

百年未有之大变局下的国家安全学学科建设,必须跳出传统安全思维藩篱,用“广义安全”思维统筹国家安全学涉及的各方面问题。安全是一种呈现和合状态的共享性秩序,广义安全论所要凸显的是体现中国智慧的“和合主义”价值内涵。时代观的转变、安全理论的扩展与深化、安全研究制度化等形成的“大安全”格局是国家安全学的“大语境”;国家安全不仅要关注安全技术、安全事件、安全威胁和安全危机,也要关注安全价值、安全结构、安全趋势和安全方略。总体国家安全观是中国特色国家安全思想发展的重要里程碑,也是构建中国国家安全学学科建设的“总理念”。“人民性”“系统性”“开放性”是总体国家安全观的重要理论特色,为国家安全学再定位构筑了全方位的价值坐标。“杂合学科”的逻辑定位,国家安全学三种理论形态的建构,“关系性实在”的本体论反思,“领域延展性”与“学科反包性”取向的揭示,以及“亦”字型高级国家安全人才培养目标与途径探究,均体现了国家安全学的“广交叉”特征。“大语境”“总理念”“广交叉”三个维度设定了中国特色国家安全学学科“再定位”需要遵循的新坐标。

The discipline construction of national security studies is supposed to break down the barriers brought about by the traditional security thinking so as to take into consideration all the aspects of national security studies in line with the“general security”thinking when the world is undergoing profound changes unseen in a century.Security is a shared order that presents a state of“peace-cooperation”.What the general security theory intends to highlight is the value connotation of“peace-cooperativism”that embodies Chinese wisdom.The“general security”configuration which has taken shape along with the transformation of the outlook on the times,the expansion and deepening of security theories and the institutionalization of security researches renders itself as a“comprehensive context”for national security studies.National security should not only pay attention to security technologies,security issues,security threats and security crises,but also pay a high premium on security values,security structures,security trends and security strategies.A holistic approach to national security is an important milestone in the development of national security thoughts with Chinese characteristics.It is also an“overall concept”that guides the discipline construction of Chinese national security studies.“People-centeredness”,“systematicness”and“openness”are the key theoretical characteristics of a holistic approach to national security,which constructs an all-round value coordinate for the reorientation of national security studies.The feature of“broad interdisciplinariness”in national security studies is reflected in the logical positioning of“hybrid disciplines”,the construction of three theoretical forms of national security studies,the ontological reflection of“relational reality”,the revelation of the orientation of“domain extensibility”and“disciplinary reverse inclusion”,and the exploration of training objectives and pathways of“亦”-type national security professionals of high caliber.The three dimensions featuring“comprehensive context”,“overall concept”and“broad interdisciplinariness”set the new coordinates for the“reorientation”of national security studies with Chinese characteristics.