郑州市管城回族区社区老年人常见慢性病共病现状分析

Analysis of Comorbidity of Common Chronic Diseases Among the Elderly in Guancheng Hui District of Zhengzhou

目的了解郑州市管城回族区社区老年人慢性病共病现状,分析其患慢性病共病模式,比较不同特征人群共病的患病率差异,为社区老年人群慢性病防控与健康管理提供参考依据。方法于2020年1!12月在郑州市管城回族区城东路社区卫生服务中心选取年龄≥60岁的接受体检的2506名老年人,通过社区老年居民健康体检报告获得相关信息,采用SPSS26.0统计软件进行分析。结果2506名老年人慢性病患病率为57.10%,共病患病率为22.60%,排在前3位的慢性病分别是高血压(14.33%)、糖尿病(9.18%)、心脏病(6.23%)。患有2种、≥3种共病的患病率分别为17.16%、5.43%。高血压合并糖尿病组合模式的患病人数最多,为58.60%。不同年龄组、性别、血脂、体质量指数(BMI)、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼、饮食对社区老年人慢性病共病患病率均产生影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论郑州市管城回族区社区老年人慢性病共病患病率高,且多种慢性病存在共享危险因素,应针对慢性病的患病特点和共享危险因素采取综合预防和控制措施,提高慢性病防治及管理的成效。

Objective To understand the current situation of chronic diseases comorbidity among the elderly in Guancheng Hui District,Zhengzhou city,analyze their chronic diseases comorbidity patterns,and compare the differences of comorbidity among different groups,so as to provide reference for the prevention and control of chronic diseases and health management for the elderly in community.Methods A total of 2506 elderly≥60 years old who underwent physical examination in Chengdong Road Community Health Service Center in Guancheng Hui District,Zhengzhou city from January to December 2020 were selected.Relevant information was obtained from the health examination reports of elderly community residents,and analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software.Results The prevalence of chronic diseases in 2506 elderly people was 57.10%,and the prevalence of comorbidity was 22.60%.The top three chronic diseases were hypertension(14.33%),diabetes(9.18%)and heart disease(6.23%).The prevalence of 2 and≥3 comorbidities were 17.16%and 5.43%,respectively.The number of patients with hypertension and diabetes combined mode was 58.60%.Different age groups,gender,blood lipids,body mass index(BMI),smoking,drinking,physical exercise and diet had an impact on the prevalence of chronic diseases comorbidity among the elderly in community(P<0.05).Conclusion There is a high prevalence of comorbidity among the elderly in Guancheng Hui District,Zhengzhou city.Attention should be paid to the prevention and treatment of comorbidity among the elderly in this area,and there are shared risk factors for various chronic diseases.Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken according to the characteristics and shared risk factors of chronic diseases to improve the effectiveness of chronic disease prevention and management.