分阶段教育联合分级随访在尿毒症维持性血液透析患者中的应用

Application of Staged Education Combined with Staged Follow-up in Patients with Uremic Maintenance Hemodialysis

目的探讨分阶段教育联合分级随访对尿毒症维持性血液透析患者自我护理能力(ESCA)评分及生活质量的影响。方法采用分层随机法将2019年12月至2020年11月108例尿毒症维持性血液透析患者按照1∶1试验原则分为对照组和研究组,各54例。对照组接受常规干预,研究组在上述基础上接受分阶段教育联合分级随访。比较两组服药依从性及干预前后ESCA、心理社会适应情况(SCL-90)、肾脏疾病相关生活质量量表(KDTA)评分。结果研究组服药依从性优于对照组(P<0.05);研究组干预后自护责任感、自护技能、自护知识及自我概念评分高于对照组(P<0.05);研究组干预后SCL-90评分低于对照组,KDTA评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论分阶段教育联合分级随访应用于尿毒症维持性血液透析患者,可提高患者服药依从性及自我护理能力,改善患者心理社会适应情况、生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of staged education combined with staged follow-up on exercise of self-care agency(ESCA)score and quality of life in uremic maintenance hemodialysis patients.Methods A stratified randomization method was used to divide 108 uremic maintenance hemodialysis patients from December 2019 to November 2020 into a control group and a study group according to the experimental principle of 1∶1,with 54 cases in each group.The control group was given routine intervention,and the study group was given staged education combined with graded follow-up on the basis of the above.The medication compliance,ESCA,psychosocial adaptation(SCL-90)and kidney disease-targeted areas(KDTA)score before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results The medication compliance of the study group was better than that of the control group(P<0.05).The scores of self-care responsibility,self-care skills,self-care knowledge and self-concept of the study group after the intervention were higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The SCL-90 score of the study group after the intervention was lower than that of the control group,and the KDTA score was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of staged education combined with staged follow-up in uremic maintenance hemodialysis patients can improve patients’medication compliance and self-care ability,and improve their psychosocial adaptation and quality of life.