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抗血管内皮生长因子药物在视网膜疾病中的应用及研究进展

Application and research progress of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor drugs in retinal diseases
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摘要 血管性视网膜疾病是一类以视网膜出血、渗出和血管异常增殖等为主要特征的疾病。既往的治疗方式有保守治疗、激光光凝治疗和手术治疗等。抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)显著升高与视网膜血管性疾病的发生发展有密切的联系。因此,抗VEGF药物应运而生,它的出现推动了此类视网膜疾病药物治疗的革命性发展,凭借其能使新生血管快速消退、减少渗漏、促进积血吸收等优势被广泛用于治疗各种血管性视网膜疾病,如年龄相关性黄斑变性(age-related macular degeneration,AMD)、糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)、视网膜静脉阻塞(retinal vein occlusion,RVO)等,并取得了一定效果,但长期疗效有待进一步研究。同时,抗VEGF药物的特异性较差,也为临床用药带来了一定的安全隐患。此外,频繁眼内注射也增加了眼内感染的概率。所以新给药方式的开发、缓释药物的研制以及更多靶向新药的研发将会给抗VEGF药物在眼科中的临床应用带来更广阔的前景。 Retinal vascular disease is a kind of disease characterized by retinal hemorrhage,exudation and abnormal proliferation of blood vessels.Previous treatments include conservative treatment,laser photocoagulation and surgical treatment.The significant increase of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)is closely related to the occurrence and development of retinal vascular diseases.Therefore,anti-VEGF drugs emerge as the times require,which promotes the revolutionary development of drug therapy for these retinal diseases.With their advantages such as rapid regression of neovascularization,reduction of leakage and promotion of hematocele absorption,they are widely used in the treatment of various proliferative retinal diseases,such as age-related macular degeneration(AMD),diabetic retinopathy(DR),retinal vein occlusion(RVO)etc.Some results have been achieved,but the long-term effect needs further study.At the same time,the specificity of anti-VEGF drugs is poor,which brings some safety risks for clinical drug use.In addition,frequent intraocular injection also increases the probability of intraocular infection.Therefore,the development of new drug delivery methods,sustained-release drugs and more targeted new drugs will bring broader prospects for the clinical application of anti-VEGF drugs in ophthalmology.
作者 刘淑芬 王辉 LIU Shu-fen;WANG Hui(Gannan Medical University;Department of Ophthalmology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University,Ganzhou,Jiangxi 341000)
出处 《赣南医学院学报》 2022年第4期431-436,共6页 JOURNAL OF GANNAN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
关键词 抗血管内皮生长因子药物 视网膜疾病 研究进展 Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor Retinal diseases Research progress
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