病人权力距离量表的编制与信效度检验

Development and reliability and validity test of patients’ power distance scale

目的:编制病人权力距离量表,并进行信效度检验。方法:以文化维度理论中的“权力距离”维度为理论框架,通过文献回顾、访谈和德尔菲法编制预测量表。选取2020年11月1日—2021年2月28日上海市某三级甲等医院住院病人230例进行信效度检验。结果:病人权力距离量表包含权威感知、情感交流、决策参与3个维度,共16个条目。条目水平的内容效度指数(I-CVI)为0.830~1.000,量表水平内容效度指数(S-CVI)为0.950。探索性因子分析提取了3个公因子,累积方差贡献率为66.507%。验证性因子分析显示各适配值良好,提示该量表拟合度良好。量表的总体Cronbach’s α系数为0.908,各条目的Cronbach’s α系数为0.851~0.908;折半信度为0.852~0.933;量表总体的重测信度为0.853,各维度的重测信度为0.808~0.874。结论:病人权力距离量表具有良好的信效度,为测量病人个体权力距离提供了有效的测量工具。

Objective:To develop the patients’ power distance scale,and to test its reliability and validity. Methods:The "power distance" dimension of cultural dimension theory was taken as the theoretical framework. The patients’ power distance scale was developed through literature review,interviews and Delphi method. A total of 230 patients hospitalized in a tertiary grade A hospital of Shanghai from November 1,2020 to February 28,2021 were selected to test the reliability and validity. Results:The final patients’ power distance scale included 3 dimensions with authority perception,emotional communication,and decision participation,involving 16 items. The I-CVI ranged from 0. 830 to 1. 000,and the S-CVI was 0. 950. The exploratory factor analysis(EFA)extracted 3 common factors,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 66. 507%. Confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)showed that the fit values were good,suggesting that the scale had an excellent fitting degree. The overall Cronbach’s α coefficient of the scale was 0. 908,and Cronbach’s α coefficients of each item ranged from 0. 851 to 0. 908. The half-fold reliability ranged from 0. 852 to 0. 933. The overall retest reliability of the scale was0. 853,and the retest reliability of each dimension ranged from 0. 808 to 0. 874. Conclusions:The patients’ power distance scale had good reliability and validity,which can provide an effective tool for measuring the individual power distance of patients.