骨关节炎(OA)的发病机制研究现状

Current research status of pathogenesis of osteoarthritis

骨关节炎(OA)是关节软骨、滑膜及其附属结构的慢性、进行性、破坏性的炎性病变,以关节的肿胀、慢性疼痛、活动受限为主要临床表现,对患者的工作及生活造成极大困扰,同时造成巨大的社会负担。细胞因子、基质金属蛋白酶类(MMPs)、基因、信号通路等被认为与骨关节炎的产生息息相关。同时肥胖、内分泌疾病、性别、年龄、激素水平、关节内部的机械应力异常等也参与重要的作用,且各种致病因素间相互促进或抑制,机制非常复杂。针对骨关节炎的病因及发病机制的探索是研究骨关节炎的一个热点,因此,本文对骨关节炎的病因及发病机制的研究进展作一综述,希望为骨关节炎的临床预防与治疗提供必要的帮助。

Osteoarthritis(OA)is a chronic,progressive and destructive inflammatory disease of articular cartilage,synovium and its affiliated structures,with joint swelling,chronic pain and limited activity as the main clinical manifestations,causing great trouble to the work and life of patients,and at the same time causing huge social burden.Cytokines,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),genes and signaling pathways are considered to be closely related to the production of OA.At the same time,obesity,endocrine diseases,gender,age,hormone levels,and abnormal mechanical stress in joints also play an important role,and various pathogenic factors promote or inhibit each other,therefore the mechanism is very complex.The exploration of the etiology and pathogenesis of osteoarthritis is a hot research direction of OA.Therefore,this paper reviews the research progress of the etiology and pathogenesis of OA,hoping to provide necessary help for the clinical prevention and treatment of OA.