白先勇佛教思想与西方现代主义精神的融合

On the Integration of Pai Hsien-yung’s Buddhist Thought and Western Modernist Spirit

白先勇的文学创作具有将中国传统佛教思想与西方现代主义精神相融合的特点。从现代解释学的角度来看,白先勇接受西方现代主义精神的“前见”与佛教思想紧密相关,他将西方现代主义人—神对立的张力结构置换为今—昔比照的无常变化。以佛教的“四法印”来观照,白先勇对西方现代主义文学中人生虚无和痛苦的体验是通过佛教的“诸行无常”“诸法无我”“有漏皆苦”来完成的。在文学的终极关怀层面上,白先勇没有走上佛教“寂静涅槃”的出世解脱之路,而是代之以西方现代主义文学中“悲剧的尊严”的抗争精神,并且他将大乘佛教的悲悯情怀与“悲剧的尊严”相融合,呈现出解释学所说的“视域融合”的境界。

Pai Hsien-yung’s literary creation has the characteristic of combining Chinese traditional Buddhist thought with Western modernist spirit.From the perspective of modern hermeneutics,Pai Hsien-yung’s“foresight”of accepting the spirit of Western modernism is closely related to Buddhist thought.He replaced the structure of man and God in Western modernism with the impermanence of the present-past comparison.From the perspective of Buddhism’s“Four Dharma Seals”,Pai Hsien-yung’s experience of nothingness and suffering in Western modernism literature is completed through Buddhism’s“impermanence of all actions”,“selflessness of all dharmas”and“all omissions are bitter”.In terms of the ultimate concern of literature,Pai Hsien-yung did not embark on the path of Buddhist“silent nirvana”,but replaced it with the fighting spirit of“tragic dignity”in Western modernist literature,and he integrated the compassion of Mahayana Buddhism with“tragic dignity”,showing the realm of“fusion of Horizons”in hermeneutics.