多维视角下河南省传统村落空间分布与形成机理研究

Research on Spatial Distribution and Formation Mechanism of Traditional Villages in Henan Province from Multi-dimensional Perspective

以河南省入选中国传统村落名录的205个国家级传统村落为研究对象,从区位、地形、边界、年代等多个维度分析传统村落空间分布与形成机理。结果表明:(1)河南省传统村落在空间上整体呈“条带”状分布,并沿“条带”形成了3个集聚片区。其中,在地形维度,传统村落数量随高程增加呈倒“U”型变化;在区位维度,传统村落在不同等级的行政边界上均呈现出边界集聚效应;在历史年代维度,明代形成的传统村落奠定了河南省传统村落的整体格局。(2)形成机理上,地形特征与自然灾害分布等因素塑造了河南传统村落“条带”状分布的基本格局,而地域文化、人口迁移、交通区位和历史战乱等因素则进一步塑造了3个核心集聚片区。

Taking 205 state-level traditional villages(five batches)in Henan Province as the research object,this paper analyzes the spatial distribution mechanism of traditional villages in Henan Province from multiple dimensions,such as terrain,boundary and age.The results show that:(1)The distribution pattern of traditional villages is“banded”on the whole,and three clusters are formed along the belt.In terms of topographic distribution,the number of traditional villages presents an inverted U-shaped change with the increase of elevation.In terms of administrative location,boundary agglomeration effect is reflected in different administrative boundaries.In the historical period,the distribution of traditional villages in Ming Dynasty laid the overall pattern.(2)In terms of formation mechanism,topographical features and the distribution of natural disasters have shaped the basic pattern of traditional villages in Henan as a“stripe”.Multiple factors such as culture,migration,transportation,and historical wars have further formed three core cluster areas.