游客对肢体残障人士出游的态度差异——人口统计学特征影响的混合研究

Differences in Tourists’Attitudes towards People with Physical Disabilities Traveling:A Mixed Study on the Influence of Demographic Characteristics

基于出游障碍理论框架,于2019—2020年问卷调查308名游客和开放式访谈13位肢残人士,运用混合研究方法,识别游客对肢残人士出游的态度,并分析游客人口统计学特征对肢残人士出游态度的影响差异。结果表明:(1)游客认同社会公众态度是阻碍肢残人士出游的最重要因素,大部分游客对接触肢残游客不存在顾虑,但介意一同出游。(2)游客对肢残人士出游的具体态度包括出游意义认同、出游环境改善、其他人群的友好态度、交流愿望与自信以及拒绝心理。(3)年龄对游客态度影响最大,表现为负向影响交流愿望与自信、正向影响拒绝心理;游客受教育程度、职业、性别分别对交流愿望与自信、拒绝心理、出游环境改善的态度有显著影响。访谈资料有效解释了大部分定量分析结果,但在受教育程度对游客态度的影响方面,得出的结果与定量分析相反。

Based on the theoretical framework of travel barriers,this article conducted mixed research methods to exploring the influence difference of tourists’demographic characteristics on their attitudes towards people with physical disabilities(PwPDs).The results showed that,(1)Tourists supported the view that interpersonal barriers are the most vital factors for travel participation of PwPDs,and preferred communicating to accompanying with them.(2)Tourists’demographic factors had significant impact on their five categories attitudes towards PwPDs travelling,including identification of the travel meaning,improvement of the travel environment,friendly attitude of other people,desire and confidence of communication,and psychological rejection toward PwPDs.(3)Personal age has the greatest influence on tourists’attitude,and implied negative influence on communication desire and confidence with PwPDs while positive influence on rejection psychology.Meanwhile,gender,education levels and employment statuses had significant influence on the attitudes comprised of improvement of travel environment,communication desire and confidence,as well as rejection psychology.It should be noted that,the qualitative analysis could effectively interpret most of the results of the quantitative analysis,whereas,the results were adverse in terms of the impact of educational levels on tourists’attitudes,it needs more studies in future.