城市建筑三维精细化特征对地表热环境的影响——以山东省济南市二环以内区域为例

Influence of Refined 3D Features of Urban Buildings on Surface Heat Island Effect:A Case Study of Areas inside the Second Ring Road of Jinan City,Shandong Province

以山东省济南市二环以内区域为例,基于Landsat 8热红外遥感影像数据,综合选用城市二维和三维指数表征城市建筑三维精细化特征,通过空间分析、相关分析和多元回归模型等方法,探究城市建筑对城市热环境的影响机制。结果表明:(1)研究区内建筑空间分布呈现“南疏北密”格局且以低层建筑为主,城市建筑二维和三维空间格局没有明显相关性。(2)地表温度与二维建筑指标呈现正相关性,其中建筑覆盖率对地表温度的影响最为显著;三维指标与地表温度呈现负相关性,地表温度随着建筑高度增加出现降低趋势,当高度大于20 m时,降温现象更为明显。(3)综合建筑二维和三维特征能有效解释地表温度的变化量,在未来城市规划中可适当考虑增加高层建筑物比例来缓解热岛效应并节约城市用地。

Taking the area inside the second ring road of Jinan City as example,based on Landsat 8 thermal infrared remote sensing,urban 2D/3D index was comprehensively selected to represent urban building features.The influence mechanism of urban building fine features on urban heat island effect was explored through spatial analysis,correlation analysis and multiple regression model.The results show that:(1)The spatial distribution of buildings in Jinan presents a pattern of“sparse in the south and dense in the north”,and low-rise buildings are the dominant ones.There is no obvious correlation between 2D and 3D spatial patterns of urban buildings.(2)Land surface temperature is positively correlated with 2D building indexes,and building coverage rate has the most significant effect on land surface temperature;there is a negative correlation between the 3D index and the surface temperature.The surface temperature decreases with the increase of the building height.When the height is greater than 20 m,the cooling phenomenon is more obvious.(3)The integrated building 2D/3D features can effectively explain the variation of surface temperature.In future urban planning,increasing the proportion of high-rise buildings should be considered to alleviate the heat island effect and save urban land.