听力残疾人康复需求与康复服务发展状况的影响因素分析

Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Rehabilitation Needs and Development Status of Rehabilitation Services for the Hearing Disabled

目的研究听力残疾人康复需求与康复服务发展状况的影响因素。方法选取2018年1月—2020年2月4350例市级听力残疾人作为研究对象,以问卷调查的方式明确所有受试者的康复需求与康复服务情况,并通过多因素Logistic回归分析明确听力残疾人康复需求、服务的影响因素。结果4350例听力残疾人康复需求人数占比20.23%,按照占比从高到低的顺序分别为辅助器具、药物、护理、功能锻炼、手术,占比分别为8.46%、4.20%、4.11%、3.07%、0.41%。4350例听力残疾人康复服务人数占比15.45%,按照占比从高到低的顺序分别为辅助器具、药物、功能锻炼、护理、手术,占比分别为6.25%、3.46%、2.52%、2.02%、1.17%。经单因素分析可得:年龄、户口性质、残疾等级均为听力残疾人康复需求、服务的影响因素(P<0.05)。经多因素Logistic回归分析可得:年龄、户口性质、残疾等级均是听力残疾人康复需求、服务的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05)。结论年龄、户口性质及残疾等级均对听力残疾人康复需求与康复服务发展状况有明显影响,值得临床重点关注。

Objective To study the influencing factors of the rehabilitation needs and the development of rehabilitation services for the hearing disabled.Methods From January 2018 to February 2020,4350 city-level hearing-disabled persons were selected as the research objects.Questionnaire survey was used to clarify the rehabilitation needs and rehabilitation services of all subjects,and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of rehabilitation needs and services for the hearing impaired.Results The number of 4350 hearing-disabled patients who needed rehabilitation accounted for 20.23%,and in descending order of proportion were assistive devices,drugs,nursing,functional exercise,and surgery,accounting for 8.46%,4.20%,4.11%,3.07%and 0.41%.Rehabilitation services for the 4350 hearing-disabled cases accounted for 15.45%,and in descending order of proportion were assistive devices,drugs,functional exercise,nursing,and surgery,accounting for 6.25%,3.46%,2.52%,2.02%and 1.17%.Through univariate analysis,it can be concluded that age,nature of household registration,and disability level were all influencing factors for the rehabilitation needs and services of the hearing impaired(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,household registration and disability level were all risk factors for the rehabilitation needs and services of the hearing impaired(OR>1,P<0.05).Conclusion Age,the nature of household registration and the level of disability have obvious effects on the rehabilitation needs and the development of rehabilitation services for the hearing disabled,which deserves the focus of clinical attention.