手术室护士职业安全感问卷编制和信效度检验

Development and psychometric properties of the questionnaire on occupational safety of nurses in the operating room

目的编制手术室护士职业安全感问卷并进行信效度检验。方法通过文献分析、对55名手术室护士进行半结构式访谈,初步拟定问卷条目池;应用德尔菲法对12名专家进行函询,根据专家意见和条目评分调整问卷内容,形成初稿;对15名护士进行预调查以完善条目的表述。对泸州市三级甲等医院的325名手术室护士进行调查,采用调查数据进行问卷的项目分析、探索性因子分析、内部一致性信度检验;间隔30 d,对125名护士进行重测,用数据检验问卷的重测信度。结果手术护士职业安全感包括环境安全、情感耗竭、价值实现、管理政策和职业规划5个维度,47个条目。问卷的Cronbach'sα系数为0.837;重测信度为0.820。探索性因素分析根据条目的内容共提取5个公因子:环境安全、情感耗竭、价值实现、管理政策和职业规划,累计贡献率为70.362%,每个条目在各公因子上的载荷均>0.4。结论编制的手术室护士职业安全感问卷具有良好的信效度,可用于我国手术室护士职业安全感水平的评估。

Objective To develop the Occupational Security Questionnaire for nurses in the operating room and test its reliability and validity.Methods The primary item pool was constructed according to the literature analysis and findings of semi-structured interviews with 55 nurses in the operating room.The draft of the questionnaire was developed through consultation with 12 experts with Delphi method.Revision was further made by a pilot survey with 12 nurses.Totally 325 nurses in the operating room were recruited to test the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.A total of 125 nurses were invited to complete the questionnaire for a second time 30 days after their first completion of the questionnaire.Results The Occupational Security Questionnaire was made up of 5 dimensions including environmental security,emotional exhaustion,value realization,management policy and development prospect with totally 47 items.The Cronbach'sαwas 0.837 and test-retest reliability was 0.820.The exploratory factor analysis showed five factors identified involving environmental security,emotional exhaustion,value realization,management policy and development prospect,accounting for 70.362%of the total variance.Conclusion The questionnaire has good reliability and validity and can be used to evaluate the occupational security level of nurses in the operating room.