复合微生物发酵饲料对白羽肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群及氮磷排泄的影响

Effects of compound microbial fermented feed on growth performance,intestinal flora and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion rate of white feather broilers

为研究复合微生物发酵饲料对白羽肉鸡生长性能、肠道菌群及氮磷排泄的影响,试验选取健康、体重相近的600只1日龄爱拔益加(AA+)肉仔鸡,公母各半,随机分成5组,每组6个重复,每个重复20只,对照组饲喂基础日粮,各试验组依次用25%、50%、75%和100%发酵饲料替代基础日粮,试验期为42 d。结果表明:(1)100%发酵饲料组平均日增重比对照组、25%、50%发酵饲料组分别高5.37、4.91、3.71 g(P<0.05),比75%发酵饲料组高1.6 g(P>0.05);100%发酵饲料组料重比比对照组、25%发酵饲料组分别低0.04、0.03(P<0.05),比50%、75%发酵饲料组都低0.01(P>0.05)。(2)复合微生物发酵饲料对白羽肉鸡肠道菌群影响显著,100%发酵饲料组大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌数量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),且随着日粮中发酵饲料比例的增加逐渐减少;100%发酵饲料组乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌数量最高,显著高于对照组、25%、50%发酵饲料组(P<0.05),与75%发酵饲料组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。(3)100%发酵饲料组氮排泄率比对照组、25%、50%发酵饲料组分别低7.94、6.43、2.45个百分点(P<0.05),比75%发酵饲料组低0.1个百分点(P>0.05);100%发酵饲料组磷排泄率最低,显著低于对照组、25%、50%发酵饲料组(P<0.05),与75%发酵饲料组相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。由此可见,在本试验条件下,所用复合微生物发酵饲料可显著提高白羽肉鸡生长性能,改善肠道菌群结构及降低氮磷排泄,且以100%添加效果最好。

In order to study the effects of compound microbial fermented feed on growth performance,intestinal flora and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion of white feather broilers,6001-day-old Aibayijia(AA+)broilers were selected which were half male and half female.They were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 repetitions in each group and 20 per repeat.The control group was fed with basic diet,and the experimental groups were replaced with 25%,50%,75%and 100%fermented diet.The test period was 42 days.The results showed that:(1)The average daily gain(ADG)of 100%fermented feed group was 5.37,4.91 g and 3.71 g higher than that of control group,25%and 50%fermented feed group respectively(P<0.05),and 1.6 g higher than that of 75%fermented feed group(P>0.05);The F/G of 100%fermented feed group was 0.04 and 0.03 lower than that of control group and 25%fermented feed group respectively(P<0.05),and 0.01 lower than that of 50%and 75%fermented feed group(P>0.05).(2)Compound microbial fermented feed had a significant effect on intestinal flora of white feather broilers;The numbers of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in 100%fermented feed group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05),and gradually decreased with the increase of the proportion of fermented feed in the diet;The number of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in 100%fermented feed group was the highest,which was significantly higher than that in control group,25%and 50%fermented feed group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference compared with 75%fermented feed group(P>0.05).(3)The nitrogen excretion rate of 100%fermented feed group was decreased by 7.94,6.43,2.45 percentage ponits compared with the control group,25%and 50%fermented feed group respectively(P<0.05),and decreased by 0.1 percentage points compared with the 75%fermented feed group(P>0.05);The phosphorus excretion rate of 100%fermented feed group was the lowest,which was significantly lower than that of control group,25%and 50%fermented feed group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference compared with 75%fermented feed group(P>0.05).It could be seen that under the experimental conditions,the compound microbial fermentation feed could significantly elevate the growth performance,improve the structure of intestinal flora and reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus excretion of white feather broilers,and the effect of 100%addition was the best.