非酒精性脂肪肝与代谢综合征各组分关系的研究进展

Research progress of the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and components of metabolic syndrome

非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)分原发性和继发性两大类,前者与胰岛素抵抗和遗传易感性有关,后者则由某些特殊原因所致。营养过剩所致体重增长过快和体重过重,肥胖、糖尿病、高脂血症等代谢综合征相关脂肪肝均属于继发性NAFLD范畴。随着相关代谢综合征全球化的流行趋势,NAFLD已成为欧美等发达国家和我国富裕地区慢性肝病的重要病因。NAFLD除可直接导致失代偿期肝硬化、肝细胞癌和移植肝复发外,还可影响其他慢性肝病的进展,并参与2型糖尿病和动脉粥样硬化的发病。代谢综合征相关恶性肿瘤、动脉硬化性心脑血管疾病以及肝硬化为影响NAFLD患者生活质量和预期寿命的重要因素。为此,NAFLD是当代医学领域的新挑战,近期内NAFLD对人类健康的危害仍将不断增加。本文通过回顾国内外相关文献,对NAFLD与代谢综合征各组分包括肥胖、高血糖、血脂紊乱、高血压之间的关系进行综述,旨在为非酒精性脂肪肝患者的早期预警和干预提供参考。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)can be divided into primary and secondary categories.The former is related to insulin resistance and genetic susceptibility,while the latter is caused by some special reasons.Excessive weight gain and overweight caused by excess nutrition,obesity,diabetes,hyperlipidemia and other metabolic syndrome-related fatty liver are secondary NAFLD category.With the trend of globalization of metabolic syndrome,NAFLD has become an important cause of chronic liver disease in developed countries such as Europe and the United States and rich areas of China.In addition to directly leading to decompensated cirrhosis,hepatocellular carcinoma and liver transplantation recurrence,NAFLD can also affect the progression of other chronic liver diseases and be involved in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis.Malignant tumors associated with metabolic syndrome,arteriosclerotic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,and cirrhosis are important factors affecting the quality of life and life expectancy of NAFLD patients.Therefore,NAFLD is a new challenge in the field of modern medicine,and the harm of NAFLD to human health will continue to increase in the near future.This paper reviews the relationship between NAFLD and various components of metabolic syndrome,including obesity,hyperglycemia,dyslipidemia and hypertension,by reviewing relevant literatures at home and abroad,aiming to provide reference for early warning and intervention of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.