走向共治:美国青少年身体活动治理的演进与启示

Towards Co-governance:the Evolution and Enlightenment of Youth Physical Activity Governance in the U.S.

美国作为国际上较早实施健康战略的国家,为应对青少年健康危机,学校、政府、社会组织在价值理性、工具理性的叠加与统一过程中逐渐建立了多维合作关系,形成了深入学校、扎根社区、社会联动的青少年身体活动共治格局,实现了由政府专项管理到社会共治的转变。借鉴美国的健康战略实施,在中国治理体系和治理能力现代化建设的新阶段,提出通过形塑价值理性之根、建立结构理性之体、加强工具理性之术,进一步完善政府主导的社会共治模式,从而提高青少年身体活动的现代化治理效能的建议。

As a country that implemented health strategyto tackle youth health crisis much earlier in the world,the United States has changed management of youth physical activity by government into co-governance by schools,communities and social organizations through gradually establishing a multi-dimensional cooperative relationship among schools,government and social organizations in the process of superposing and unifying rationalvalue and rational instruments.Referring to the U.S.experience,this paper proposes that in the new stage of constructing moderngovernance system and governance capabilities,we need further develop the government-led social co-governance model through shaping rational value,establishing rational structure,and strengthening rational instruments,so as to improve the efficiency of youth physical activitygovernance.