巨噬细胞的固有免疫记忆研究进展

Research Progress in Innate Immune Memory of Macrophages

根据免疫效应机制和作用特征,通常把免疫分为固有免疫和适应性免疫两种类型。长久以来,免疫学界普遍认为只有适应性免疫存在记忆特性,而近年的研究表明固有免疫也存在记忆现象。经过刺激的固有免疫细胞,通过表观遗传重编程和细胞代谢的改变获得记忆性质,在二次刺激下表现出增强或减弱的免疫反应,这种现象被定义为"训练免疫"或"固有免疫记忆"。巨噬细胞作为重要的固有免疫细胞,也具有免疫记忆性质,在机体免疫中发挥重要作用。固有免疫记忆是一个崭新的概念,它拓宽了免疫记忆的定义,为免疫反应的研究提供了更加全面的视角。该文主要综述巨噬细胞固有免疫记忆的特征、产生机制以及在疾病中的作用。

Based on the mechanisms and characteristics of immune effects,immunity is usually divided into innate immunity and adaptive immunity.For a long time,it has been generally believed that only adaptive immunity has memory characteristics.Recent studies have shown that innate immunity also has memory phenomenon.Stimulated innate immune cells acquire memory properties through epigenetic reprogramming and cell metabolic change,which enable them to have enhanced or suppressed response against secondary stimulation.This phenomenon is termed as“trained immunity”or“innate immune memory”.Macrophages,the important innate immune cells,also have immune memory properties and play an important role in immune system.Innate immune memory is a new concept,which broadens the definition of immune memory and provides a more comprehensive perspective for the study of immune response.This paper mainly reviews the characteristics,mechanism and role of macrophage innate immune memory in diseases.