一种基于胶体微晶纤维素的改良病毒蚀斑测定法的建立与评价

Development of an improved virus plaque assay based on avicel

胶体微晶纤维素(avicel)是一种由微晶纤维素(microcrystalline cellulose, MCC)和羧甲基纤维素(carboxymethyl cellulose,CMC)制成的混合物,可用于病毒蚀斑测定。常用的avicel由FMC公司生产,其MCC和CMC比例相对固定,无法很好地适应所有类型病毒的蚀斑测定实验。本研究通过对比不同的MCC和CMC配制比例对avicel在病毒蚀斑测定作用的影响,建立了一种操作简便、实用性好和稳定性好的改良avicel病毒蚀斑测定法。为了配制不同浓度MCC和CMC的混合物,本研究制备出12种2×avicel覆盖层,测定其总体黏度及底层黏度,评估其与传统覆盖层相比,使用时的操作难易程度。进一步将12种2×avicel覆盖层制备成avicel-DMEM营养覆盖层,测定96孔板中猪流行性腹泻病毒滴度,比较12种avicel覆盖层及传统覆盖层蚀斑大小、清晰度、稳定性及滴度准确性等的差异,筛选出最佳测定方法。结果显示,12种2×avicel覆盖层中,除4.8%MCC+1.4%CMC和4.8%MCC+1.0%CMC外,其余2×avicel覆盖层在实际使用中均比2×CMC覆盖层更容易吸取和配制营养覆盖层。最后,利用avicel病毒蚀斑测定法测定96孔板中猪流行性腹泻病毒滴度,结果显示CMC浓度越高蚀斑越小,其中终浓度为0.6%MCC+0.7%CMC的avicel覆盖层测定蚀斑染色最清晰,准确度与传统覆盖层相似,但操作较传统覆盖层更简便。综上所述,本研究建立了一种操作简便、实用性好和稳定性好的改良avicel病毒蚀斑测定法,为病毒的病原学、抗病毒药物及疫苗等相关研究的展开提供了良好的实验基础。

Avicel is made of a mixture of microcrystalline cellulose(MCC) and carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC), and used for virus plaque assay. The avicel in common use is produced by FMC Biopolymer. Due to the relatively fixed proportion of MCC and CMC, avicel in common use is not suitable for plaque determination experiment of all types of viruses. In this study, we evaluated the effect of avicel made of different proportions of MCC and CMC on virus plaque assay, and developed an improved avicel virus plaque assay featured with simple and convenient operation, good practicability and high stability. To generate avicel overlays with different proportions of MCC and CMC, twelve different 2×avicel solutions were prepared. Their overall viscosity and bottom viscosity were measured to evaluate the ease of operation. The results showed that most of the 2×avicel solutions(except the 4.8% MCC+1.4% CMC and 4.8% MCC+1.0% CMC group) were easy to absorb and prepare nutrient overlap than 2×CMC solution. In order to find the best scheme to detect the titer of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV), these avicel overlay solutions with different proportion of MCC and CMC were used as a replacement in the standard plaque assay. By comparing the size, clarity, stability and titer accuracy of virus plaque, we identified that 0.6% MCC and 0.7% CMC was the most preferable composition of avicel overlay for PEDV plaque assay. In conclusion, we developed an improved virus plaque assay based on avicel, which may facilitate the research of virus etiology, antiviral drugs and vaccines.