“唐山”与近代南洋华侨的家国情怀

“Tangshan” and the Emotion of “Family-Country” of Overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia

华侨华人等出洋者习惯性地称呼祖国故乡为“唐山”。“唐山”概念源起于唐朝,形成于清朝前期,晚清以后逐渐在侨界流传开来,既指具体侨乡,又指整个中国。从历史语境来看,作为人数最多与影响最大的近代华侨华人群体,南洋华侨对“唐山”的认知基本能够代表整体侨界。他们选择“唐山”代称祖国故乡,主要在于“唐”象征大唐盛世的辉煌历史和“唐虞之世”的理想状态,“山”则是闽粤等地沿海出洋者对陆地的方言称呼。南洋华侨对“唐山”的认知也未停留于本文概念层面,而是嵌入自身家国情怀之中,尤其是对侨乡的眷恋关怀和对祖国的热爱认同,成为他们构建侨界与“唐山”关系的主要情感依据。

Overseas Chinese and other expatriates habitually call the homeland “Tangshan”. The concept of “Tangshan” originated in the Tang Dynasty and formally formed in the early Qing Dynasty. After the late Qing Dynasty, it gradually spread in the overseas Chinese community. It refers to both the specific hometown of overseas Chinese and the whole of China. Returning to the historical context, as the modern overseas Chinese group with the largest number and greatest influence, the understanding of “Tangshan” by overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia is sufficient to represent the overall overseas Chinese society. They chose “Tangshan” as the homeland, mainly because the “Tang” symbolizes the glorious history of the Tang Dynasty and the ideal order of the “Tangyu” society, and the “Shan” is the dialect of the land used by people from the coasts of Guangdong and Fujian. Their cognition of “Tangshan” does not stop at the conceptual level of this article, but is embedded in the emotion of “Family-Country”. Their nostalgic care for their hometown and their love for the motherland have become the main emotional evidence for them to build the relationship between the overseas Chinese community and “Tangshan”.