空气-水双工质冷却循环PV/T集热器模拟研究

Simulation study on PV/T collector under air-water-cooled dual circulation

PV/T集热器将PV组件与集热装置有机结合,实现太阳能的综合利用。文章针对功能单一的太阳能集热器季节性适用问题,提出一种空气/水双工质冷却循环的PV/T集热器。利用CFD技术建立PV/T模块的三维模型,数值模拟PV/空气、PV/水、PV/空气-水模式下集热器的传热特性,分析流量、温度对模块电/热性能的影响。模拟结果显示:工质流量的增加能够有效提升PV/T系统的光电/光热效率,PV/水、PV/空气-水模式最佳流量值为0.03 kg/s,PV/空气模式最佳流量值为0.04 kg/s;PV/空气模式下,随着进口空气温度的升高,模块的综合效率下降明显,效率的最大差值可以达到36.23%;PV/水模式下,逐步提高环境温度有利于提升集热器的综合性能,热效率得到显著提高。

The PV/T collector organically combines PV module with solar collector device to make full use of solar energy. Considering the seasonal limitation of the single-function solar collector, this study proposes a PV/T collector with air-water dual working medium for circulating cooling. By the establishment of three-dimensional model of PV/T module with CFD technology,and numerical simulation of the heat transfer characteristics of PV/T collector in three modes,including PV/air, PV/water and PV/air-water. it analyzes the effects of flow rate and temperature on the electrical/thermal performance of the PV/T module. The results show that the increase of working medium flow can effectively improve photovoltaic and thermal performances of the module.Besides, the optimal flow rate of PV/water and PV/air-water modes is the same: 0.03 kg/s, lower than that of PV/air mode: 0.04 kg/s;In PV/air mode, as the inlet air temperature rises, the overall efficiency of the module drops markedly, with the maximum efficiency gap of 36.23%;In PV/water mode, the gradual increase of ambient temperature is conducive to the comprehensive performance of the PV/T collector, thus improving the thermal efficiency, significantly.