精准扶贫政策对农户多维贫困的影响研究——来自准自然实验的经验证据

The Impact of Targeted Poverty Alleviation Policy on Farmers’ Multidimensional Poverty: An Empirical Evidence from the Quasi Natural Experiment

科学评估精准扶贫政策对农户多维贫困的影响具有重要意义。论文基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,运用A-F双界限法测算了我国农户的多维贫困指数,运用双重差分法研究了精准扶贫政策对农户多维贫困的影响效果及中介效应机制。结果表明:近年来我国农户多维贫困状况得到了较大的改善;精准扶贫政策增加了农户的收入,有效地缓解了农户的多维贫困状况,随着时间的推移,政策效果愈发显著;异质性分析表明,精准扶贫政策对贫困户的影响大于对非贫困户的影响,并且能够显著降低两者之间的多维贫困差距,精准扶贫政策对农户多维贫困的作用在西部地区比在东部地区更为显著;中介效应机制分析表明,精准扶贫政策可以通过提高农户社会资本的方式改善其多维贫困状况。

It is of great significance to scientifically evaluate the impact of targeted poverty alleviation policy on farmers’ multidimensional poverty. Based on the data of China family tracking survey(CFPS), this paper uses the A-F double boundary method to measure China’s rural multidimensional poverty index. And the double difference method is adopted to study the impact effects of targeted poverty alleviation policy on farmers’ multidimensional poverty and the mediating effect mechanism. The results show that China’s rural multidimensional poverty situation has been greatly improved in recent years. The targeted poverty alleviation policy increases the income of farmers and significantly alleviates the multidimensional poverty of farmers. With the passage of time, the effect of the policy becomes increasingly significant. Meantime, the heterogeneity analysis shows that the impact of targeted poverty alleviation policy on poor households is greater than that on non-poor households. Also, it can significantly reduce the multidimensional poverty gap between the two.The effect of targeted poverty alleviation policy on farmers’ multidimensional poverty is more significant in the western region than in the eastern region. Furthermore, the analysis of mediating effect mechanism shows that the targeted poverty alleviation policy can improve the multidimensional poverty situations of farmers by raising their social capital.