南京大屠杀文学叙事的历史记忆与国家认同

Historical Memories in the Literary Narrative of the Nanjing Massacre and National Identity

日军侵华南京大屠杀的文学再现叙事,是对侵略者罪行的深度揭示和批判性追溯,也是对战争创伤“记忆之场”的构塑。在“后记忆”时代中关涉“历史—记忆”的框架下,探讨中日南京大屠杀记忆的差异与分歧,探究南京大屠杀文学书写如何召唤民族集体历史记忆和国家认同。南京大屠杀文学叙事应是宏大叙事与微观叙事的协作,同时应重视树立正确的历史观,合理运用叙事策略,使历史记忆升华成为文化记忆,而文化记忆的正确内化,是型塑国家认同的思想防线。

The narrative in the literary representation of the Nanjing Massacre during the Japanese invasion of China thoroughly discloses the crimes of invaders with critical recollections, constructing the“sites for traumatic memories of war”. Within the framework of“history-memory”in the“post-memory”era, this paper addresses the differences and divergences about the Nanjing Massacre China and Japan, and further explores how the literary writing of the Nanjing Massacre calls for the collective national memories of history and the national identity. With the collaboration of macro and micro narratives, the literary narrative of the Nanjing Massacre should emphasize the establishment of correct views of history, exploit the narrative strategies in a reasonable way, and make the historical memories sublimated into cultural memories. Precisely, the correct internalization of cultural memories is the ideological defense for cultivating the national identity.