个体化膳食对老年结肠癌化疗患者营养状况和免疫功能的影响

Effects of individualized diet on nutritional status and immune function in elderly patients with colon cancer undergoing chemotherapy

目的探讨个体化膳食对老年结肠癌化疗患者营养状况和免疫功能的影响。方法选取2019年2月至2021年1月间商洛市中心医院收治的120例老年结肠癌化疗患者,采用随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组60例。化疗期间,对照组患者采用常规护理措施,研究组患者在此基础上采用个体化膳食干预,比较两组患者化疗前后营养状况[血清血红蛋白(Hb)、总白蛋白(TP)、清蛋白(ALB)、体质量指数(BMI)和主观整体营养状况评估量表(PG-SGA)评分]、免疫功能[CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)和自然杀伤细胞(NK)]及生活质量变化。结果化疗后,研究组患者Hb、TP、ALB和BMI评分均高于对照组,PG-SGA评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组患者CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)和NK水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组患者QLQ-C30量表中躯体功能、角色功能、情绪功能、认知功能和社会功能评分均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论个体化膳食能有效保障老年结肠癌患者化疗期间的营养状况和免疫功能,提高生活质量,适于临床推广。

Objective To investigate the effects of individualized diet on nutritional status and immune function in elderly patients with colon cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods A total of 120 elderly patients with colon cancer treated at East Campus, Shangluo Central Hospital were selected from February 2019 to January 2021. They were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group with 60 patients in each group. The experimental group was given individualized dietary intervention besides conventional nursing and the control group was given routine nursing alone during chemotherapy. Changes in the nutritional status including serum hemoglobin(Hb), total albumin(TP), albumin(ALB), body mass index(BMI), subjective global nutritional assessment scale(PG-SGA) score, immune function includingCD8^(+), CD4^(+)and natural killer cells(NK), and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after chemotherapy. Results After chemotherapy, Hb, TP, ALB and BMI scores were higher in the experimental group in the control group, and PG-SGA scores were lower in the experimental group than in the control group(all P<0.05). The levels of CD8^(+), CD4^(+)and NK were higher in the experimental group than in the control group(all P<0.05). The scores of QLQ-C30 such as physical, role, emotional, cognitive and social function were higher in the experimental group than in the control group(all P<0.05). Conclusion Individualized diet can effectively protect the nutritional status and immune function and improve quality of life in elderly patients with colon cancer during chemotherapy. It is suitable for clinical promotion.