自动驾驶汽车适用产品责任的困境与对策

Research on the Dilemma and Countermeasures of the Application of Product Liability in Autonomous Vehicles

自动驾驶汽车在广泛应用的同时,也给现有的产品责任体系带来了新的挑战:自动驾驶汽车法律地位不明、产品责任主体范围难以确定、产品缺陷认定困难、风险抗辩制度适用受阻等。为实现“鼓励自动驾驶技术蓬勃发展,保护消费者合法权益,均衡各方主体利益”的立法目标,对完善现有产品责任体系提出如下对策与建议:明确自动驾驶汽车的法律客体地位、扩大产品责任的主体范围、统一产品缺陷的认定标准、明晰产品责任的抗辩事由、建立相关的配套措施等。

While autonomous vehicles are widely used,they also bring new challenges to the existing product liability system:the legal status of autonomous vehicles is unclear,the scope of product liability subjects is difficult to determine,the identification of product defects is difficult,and the application of the risk defense system is blocked.In order to achieve the legislative goal of“encouraging the vigorous development of autonomous driving technology,protecting the legitimate rights and interests of consumers,and balancing the interests of all parties”,the following countermeasures and suggestions are proposed to improve the existing product liability system:clarify the legal object status of autonomous vehicles and expand products The scope of the main body of responsibility,unified product defect identification standards,clarification of product liability risk defense,establishment of related supporting measures,etc.