爆炸冲击波与碎片耦合作用下化工储罐易损性研究

Study of Vulnerability of Chemical Storage Tank Subjected to Coupling Effect of Blast Wave and Fragment

开展爆炸冲击波与碎片耦合作用下储罐易损性研究有助于提升化工园区的安全水平。基于能量密度与最大塑性应变准则,综合考虑爆炸冲击波和爆炸碎片的作用顺序及强冲击荷载作用下钢材的应变率效应,建立爆炸冲击波与碎片耦合作用下化工储罐破坏失效的极限状态方程。通过有限元模拟对比分析储罐理论临界破裂速度与数值模拟结果,验证了方程的合理性。对5000 m^(3)立式拱顶储罐易损性结果分析可知:材料应变率效应可削弱爆炸冲击波与碎片耦合作用对化工储罐造成的破坏,降低储罐易损性;爆炸冲击波、碎片的作用顺序会显著影响储罐的失效概率,且碎片先于冲击波作用时储罐易损性更高;由单一变量分析可知,耦合作用下储罐的易损性与爆源强度、碎片撞击载荷均呈正相关,但与碎片撞击角呈负相关。研究结果对预防由爆炸冲击波与碎片耦合作用导致的多米诺效应事故发生及制定事故防控策略具有指导意义。

Research on vulnerability of chemical storage tank under blast wave and fragments coupling effect can contribute to improve chemical industrial parks'safety.Based on the energy density rule and maximum plastic strain criterion,by considering the sequential action of shockwave and fragment and the strain-rate effect,this study established the chemical tank's failure limit state equation,which was validated through analyzing comparatively the tank's rupture velocity of numerical solutions and simulation results.The analysis results of 5000 m^(3) vertical vault tank's vulnerability suggest that the strain-rate effect can reduce the destruction of chemical storage tank caused by the coupling effect of shockwave and fragment,reducing the tank's vulnerability;shockwave and fragment's sequential action could significantly affect the failure probability of the tank,and the tank's vulnerability is higher when fragments show impacts before shockwave;under the coupling effect,the tank's vulnerabilityis positively correlated with explosive intension and fragment impact loading but negatively related to the fragment's impact angle,accor-ding to a single univariate analysis.The research results can provide guidance for the prevention of domino effect accidents subject to the coupling effect and the accident control strategy formulation.