学位授予纠纷中纪律处分的司法审查研究

Research on the Judicial Review of Disciplinary Action in Disputes over Degree Award

纪律处分原本属于高校内部日常管理行为,不属于行政诉讼法规定的受案范围。但对于学位授予纠纷中的纪律处分,人民法院无法完全避开对其进行合法性审查。对裁判文书的分析表明,有的案件径自对纪律处分进行了事实上的审查;有的案件则借“证据”的名义对纪律处分进行了审查。对学位纠纷中纪律处分的司法审查,人民法院重点关注的问题主要有:是否保证了最低限度的程序正义;是否与学位授予不当联结;是否合乎比例原则;是否穷尽了校内外申诉程序。对学位纠纷中纪律处分的司法审查,难以回避的疑难问题包括:纪律处分本身的可诉性;被忽略的权利救济时效。

Disciplinary action originally belongs to the internal daily management behavior of colleges and universities,and does not belong to the scope of case acceptance stipulated in the Administrative Procedure Law.However,the people's courts cannot completely avoid reviewing the legality of disciplinary actions in disputes over degree awarding.The analysis of the judgment documents shows that some cases have conducted a fact-check of disciplinary actions;in some cases,disciplinary actions have been reviewed by"evidence".In the process of judicial review of disciplinary actions in degree disputes,the people's courts mainly focused on the following issues:whether the minimum procedural justice is guaranteed;whether it is improperly connected with the degree award;whether it is in accordance with the principle of proportionality;whether the internal and external appeal procedures are exhausted.In the judicial review of disciplinary actions in degree disputes,problems that are difficult to avoid include:the suability of disciplinary actions and the neglected limitation of rights relief.