彝族长诗《齐小荣》对明清“才子佳人”小说的因袭与再创作

The Inheritance and Recreation of Yi's Long Poem Qi Xiaorongto the Novels of"Talented Women and Beauties"in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

云南彝族地区发现的长篇叙事长诗《齐小荣》取材于明清时期广泛流行的“才子佳人”型小说。从长诗中的作品叙事模式、“题壁诗”线索的运用、女扮男装的故事情节、“二女一夫”的故事结局设计,都能看出对“才子佳人”小说的因袭。同时该长诗结合彝族诗学传统,在作品中穿插彝地民歌,与彝地民风民俗融合,对故事进行了再创造。探究“才子佳人”型故事何以在彝地生根发芽,其原因可以归纳为三点,即追求“真善美”的审美理想一致,儒学中“官本位”思想的影响及失意学子心中世外桃源的构建。总之,彝族长诗《齐小荣》体现出了彝族在接受他民族文学影响时积极的文学重构精神,也折射了彝汉文化交流的印迹。

Qi Xiaorong, a long narrative poem found in the Yi region of Yunnan Province, is based on the "talented women and beautiful women" novels widely popular in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the narrative mode of the long poem,by the use of the clue of "wall poem", the story plot of women disguised as men, and the ending design of "two women and one husband",we can see the influence of "talent and beauty". At the same time, the long poem combines the poetic tradition of the Yi ethnic group, intersperses the Yi folk songs in the works, integrates with the Yi folk customs, and recreates the story. It not only retains the vigorous, fresh, simple and natural characteristics of the Yi literature, but also sublimates the theme. In short, the Yi Long Poem Qi Xiaorong. It reflects the positive literary reconstruction spirit of Yi ethnic group when accepting the influence of other ethnic literature, and also reflects the imprint of Yi Han cultural exchange.