酿造高粱克杂15号的选育与栽培技术

Breeding and Cultivation Technology of Brewing Sorghum Keza 15

高粱是黑龙江省重要的旱粮作物,为促进高粱新品种克杂15号的推广应用,本文简要介绍了克杂15号的选育过程、特征特性、产量表现、抗性与品质和栽培技术要点。克杂15号是黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院以不育系克26A为母本、恢复系克恢40为父本配制而成的酿造型高粱杂交种。该品种中早熟,纺锤形中紧穗,深红色壳,红褐色圆形粒,千粒重26.25 g,籽粒含粗蛋白(干基)10.16%,粗脂肪(干基)4.16%,粗淀粉(干基)75.25%,支链淀粉(占淀粉)78.07%,单宁1.08%,丝黑穗病平均发病率为11.2%。2014-2015年参加区域试验,平均产量7831.0 kg·hm^(-2),较对照品种绥杂7号平均增产11.05%。2016年生产试验中平均产量7991.5 kg·hm^(-2),较对照品种绥杂7号平均增产10.5%。2017年通过中国非主要农作物品种登记,登记编号为GPD高粱(2017)230024。该品种生育日数102~104 d,株高100 cm左右,穗长26.5 cm,适宜在黑龙江省第三、四积温带种植。

Sorghum was an important dry grain crop in Heilongjiang Province.In order to promote the popularization and application of a new sorghum variety Keza 15,this paper briefly introduced the breeding process,characteristics,yield performance,resistance and quality,and key cultivation techniques of Keza 15.Keza 15 was a hybrid of brewed sorghum prepared by Keshan branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences with male sterile line Ke 26A as female parent and restorer line Kehui 40 as male parent.The variety was medium early maturing,spindle shaped medium tight spike,dark red shell,red brown round grain,1000 grain weight was 26.25 g,grain contains crude protein(dry basis)content was 10.16%,crude fat(dry basis)content was 4.16%,crude starch(dry basis)content was 75.25%,amylose(starch)content was 78.07%,tannin content was 1.08%,smut disease average incidence rate was 11.2%.In the regional test from 2014 to 2015,its average yield was 7831.0 kg·ha^(-1),an average increase of 11.05%compared with the control variety Suiza 7.In the production test in 2016,the average yield was 7991.5 kg·ha^(-1),an average increase of 10.5%compared with the control variety Suiza 7.In 2017,it passed the registration of non major crop varieties in China,with the registration number of GPD sorghum(2017)230024.The growth days of this variety were 102-104 days,the plant height was about 100 cm,and the spike length was 26.5 cm.This variety was suitable for planting in the third and fourth temperate zone of Heilongjiang Province.