中国近代思想界的佛道交融

Blending of buddhism and taoism in modern Chinese ideological circles

自鸦片战争以来,中国社会在政治、经济、思想文化等方面都产生了剧烈的变化,传统的佛教和道教也面临着新的挑战,并在思想的交流中寻找各自的发展出路。在近代以来的思想世界中,佛道相互融合渗透仍然是主流。居士学者的思想交流则以李昌仁与杨文会最为典型,他们站在各自的信仰立场理解其他宗教。民国时期陈撄宁和太虚法师分别倡导仙学救国和人生佛教,是佛道二教为苦难的中国开出的救世药方,而他们在思想领域的交锋,则表现了佛道二教在融汇中的不同态度。

Since the Opium War,Chinese society has undergone drastic changes in politics,economy,ideology and culture.Traditional buddhism and taoism are also facing new challenges,and tried to find their own development outlet in the exchange of ideas.Under the influence of the thought of the unity of three religions,buddhism and taoism were integrated and penetrated into the belief world of ordinary people in modern times.The ideological exchange of lay scholars was most typical of LI Changren and YANG Wenhui,who understood other religions from their respective belief positions.During the period of the Republic of China,Mir CHEN Yinning and Master Taixu advocated Xianxue to save the country and life buddhism respectively,which were the salvation prescriptions prescribed by buddhism and taoism for the suffering China.Their confrontation in the ideological field showed the different attitudes of buddhism and taoism in the integration.