新消费引领新供给——18世纪英国的消费革命与产业发展

New consumption led new supply:Consumption revolution and industrial development in 18th century Britain

经济全球化背景下,发达国家商品成为中国居民消费的重要内容,在加快居民消费结构升级的同时,也凸显了中国消费品市场的供需失衡。从历史视角考察了18世纪上半叶英国舶来品推动的消费革命逻辑,发现民族产品供给满足不了消费转型期的消费市场,但英国紧随消费变化趋势培育民族产品供给能力,到18世纪下半叶形成了具有国际竞争力的新产业,成功化解了国内供需失衡。同时发现,18世纪上半叶英国消费升级与供需失衡共存的原因在于民族产品供给没有适应全球背景下的消费升级的能力,因而创新发展民族产品供给追赶消费升级,是适应全球经济竞争形势的选择。

Commodities from developed countries have become an important part of Chinese residents'consumption under the background of economic globalization.Commodities from developed countries accelerate the upgrading of consumption structure,and highlight the imbalance between supply and demand in China.From a historical perspective,this paper studied the logic of the consumption revolution promoted by imports in Britain in the first half of the 18th century.It found that national products supply could not meet the national market in the period of consumption transformation,but Britain followed the trend of consumption change to cultivate the supply ability of national products.By the second half of the 18th century,a new industry with international competitiveness established to successfully resolve the imbalance between domestic supply and demand.It also found that the reason for the coexistence of consumption upgrading and imbalance between supply and demand in Britain in the first half of the 18th century lied in the inability of national products supply to adapt to the consumption upgrading in the global context.So innovating and developing national products supply to catch up with consumption upgrading was the choice to adapt to the global economic competition situation.