“芝”文化和灵芝的药用历史及研究发展思路

"Zhi"Culture and Medicinal Historical Evolution of Lingzhi and Its Research Ideas

灵芝为我国一种名贵中药,具有悠久的药用历史。本文通过查阅古今有关灵芝的文献资料,进行整理、分析,对中国特有的“芝”文化、灵芝的药用历史沿革和未来研究发展思路进行了概述和前瞻,为灵芝的深入研究提供参考。结果表明,中国“芝”文化源远流长,春秋战国时期在文学作品中开始出现“芝”。古代本草著作中多用“芝”“六芝”“紫芝”的名称,在明朝兰茂的《滇南本草》中首次出现中药名“灵芝草”,其下仍包含“六芝”。清代本草著作中“芝”“六芝”“灵芝草”都有记载。现代医药书籍中已失去了“六芝”的特色用法,“灵芝”名称使用普遍。灵芝有待按传统“六芝”的中药药性和特点研究和利用。

Ganoderma lucidum is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine in China,which has a long history of medicinal use.By consulting the books and documents related to it,the medicinal history and future research and development of it were summarized and prospected,which provided a reference for further study of it.The results showed that Chinese“Zhi”culture has a long history,and“Zhi”began to appear in literary works in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period.The names of“Zhi”,and“Zi Zhi”were recorded in most of the ancient herbal works.The name“Lingzhi”first appeared in Lan Mao's"Diannan Materia Medica"in the Ming Dynasty,but it still includes“Six Zhi”.There were records of“Zhi”,“Six Zhi”and“Ling Zhi Cao”in the works of Materia Medica in the Qing Dynasty.The characteristic clinic usage of“Six Zhi”has been lost in modern pharmaceutical books,and the name“Ling Zhi”is common.The research and utilization of traditional Lingzhi should be carried out according to the properties and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine“Six Zhi”.